在Ubuntu 12.04中安装更新或从软件中心时，出现错误消息
我有一台有足够磁盘空间的新电脑。 有一个固态启动驱动器和我放置文件的常规磁盘。
所以发生的主要事情是，在过去的几周里，每当我尝试安装更新或从软件中心下载时，我都会获得更新，以及软件。
有没有人知道这个问题是怎么回事？
我最近使用My Unity更改了显示器上的一些设置，几周前我终于想出了如何通过sudo chown user /mnt/data0访问大硬盘。 我也禁用了全局菜单。 这可能导致问题。 顺便说一句，我也一直遇到一些问题，显卡没有保存我的设置，所以每次打开电脑都要重置它们，即使它们在最初的几周内保存了。
$ sudo dpkg --configure -a Setting up initramfs-tools (0.99ubuntu13.1) ... update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated) Setting up linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic (3.2.0-39.62) ... Running depmod. update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later) The link /initrd.img is a dangling linkto /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-39-generic Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d. run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 3.2.0-39-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-39-generic run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 3.2.0-39-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-39-generic run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.2.0-39-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-39-generic update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-39-generic gzip: stdout: No space left on device E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1 update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-39-generic with 1. run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1 Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic.postinst line 1010. dpkg: error processing linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2 dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-generic: linux-image-generic depends on linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic; however: Package linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing linux-image-generic (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-generic: linux-generic depends on linux-image-generic (= 3.2.0.39.47); however: Package linux-image-generic is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing linux-generic (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Processing triggers for initramfs-tools ... update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-38-generic gzip: stdout: No space left on device E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1 update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-38-generic with 1. dpkg: error processing initramfs-tools (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing: linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic linux-image-generic linux-generic initramfs-tools
此时我们得到一个弹出窗口说：
Low Disk Space The volume "boot" has only 0 bytes disk space remaining. You can free up disk space by removing unused programs or files, or by moving files to another disk or partition.
这对我们来说并没有多大意义。 当我们查看文件系统时，我们正在努力确定我们正在查看哪个驱动器，但是当我们查看带有书签的驱动器/我们认为是固态驱动器然后进入启动时我们看到不是很多文件不是很大 – 当然不是120演出价值。
关于驱动器：当我们大约一个月前购买电脑时，我们让公司安装了Ubuntu。 根据我们的要求，他们使120 GB的固态驱动器成为启动驱动器。 3 T驱动器似乎已安装，但安装Ubuntu的人没有让我们看到3TB驱动器，我们被拒绝查看它的权限，直到我使用上面原始消息中提到的修复程序才能够保存到驱动器。 （我似乎仍被拒绝查看“Lost and Found”文件夹的权限。）然后我将我保存在固态驱动器上的文件复制到3 T驱动器并删除了我从固体中保存的文件国家开车腾出空间。 固态硬盘仍然有很大的空间（当然是另一个）。
从我们可以看出，获得错误消息的软件和更新似乎实际上已经安装（我不知道是否正确），但每次都会生成长错误消息。 是否尝试安装到两个磁盘或类似的东西并生成错误消息，因为3 T驱动器未正确安装/安装？
对于我们所展示的任何无知感到抱歉。 我正在努力学习所有这些，但仍然不太了解文件系统，当然是一个Ubuntu新手。
更新2013年4月12日：嗨，Nikki。 非常感谢您帮助我们。 好吧，我们终于能够尝试实施这些步骤而且失败了。 我们得到以下内容（我必须删除其中一些以使其适合此消息）：
user@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get clean && sudo apt-get autoremove Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these. The following packages have unmet dependencies: linux-generic : Depends: linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.39.47) but 3.2.0.40.48 is installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f. user@ubuntu:~$ uname -r 3.2.0-38-generic user@ubuntu:~$ dpkg --list | grep linux-image ii linux-image-3.2.0-29-generic 3.2.0-29.46 Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic 3.2.0-37.58 Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.2.0-38-generic 3.2.0-38.61 Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP iF linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic 3.2.0-39.62 Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP iF linux-image-3.2.0-40-generic 3.2.0-40.64 Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP iU linux-image-generic 3.2.0.39.47 Generic Linux kernel image user@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.2.0.29-generic Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Note, selecting 'linux-image-3.2.0-29-generic' for regex 'linux-image-3.2.0.29-generic' Note, selecting 'linux-image-3.2.0-29-generic-pae' for regex 'linux-image-3.2.0.29-generic' You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these: The following packages have unmet dependencies: linux-generic : Depends: linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.39.47) but 3.2.0.40.48 is to be installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution). user@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.2.0.37-generic Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Note, selecting 'linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic' for regex 'linux-image-3.2.0.37-generic' Note, selecting 'linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic-pae' for regex 'linux-image-3.2.0.37-generic' You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these: The following packages have unmet dependencies: linux-generic : Depends: linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.39.47) but 3.2.0.40.48 is to be installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution). user@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.2.0.39-generic Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Note, selecting 'linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic' for regex 'linux-image-3.2.0.39-generic' Note, selecting 'linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic-pae' for regex 'linux-image-3.2.0.39-generic' You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these: The following packages have unmet dependencies: linux-generic : Depends: linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.39.47) but 3.2.0.40.48 is to be installed linux-image-generic : Depends: linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic but it is not going to be installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution). user@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.2.0.40-generic Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Note, selecting 'linux-image-3.2.0-40-generic' for regex 'linux-image-3.2.0.40-generic' Note, selecting 'linux-image-3.2.0-40-generic-pae' for regex 'linux-image-3.2.0.40-generic' You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these: The following packages have unmet dependencies: linux-generic : Depends: linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.39.47) but 3.2.0.40.48 is to be installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution). user@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get purge linux-image-generic Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these: The following packages have unmet dependencies: linux-generic : Depends: linux-image-generic (= 3.2.0.39.47) but it is not going to be installed Depends: linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.39.47) but 3.2.0.40.48 is to be installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution). user@ubuntu:~$ sudo update-grub2 Generating grub.cfg ... Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-40-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-39-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-38-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-38-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-37-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-37-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-29-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-29-generic done user@ubuntu:~$ sudo dpkg --configure -a Setting up initramfs-tools (0.99ubuntu13.1) ... update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated) Setting up linux-image-3.2.0-40-generic (3.2.0-40.64) ... Running depmod. update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later) The link /initrd.img is a dangling linkto /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-39-generic Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d. run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 3.2.0-40-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-40-generic run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 3.2.0-40-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-40-generic run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.2.0-40-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-40-generic update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-40-generic gzip: stdout: No space left on device E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1 update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-40-generic with 1. run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1 Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.2.0-40-generic.postinst line 1010. dpkg: error processing linux-image-3.2.0-40-generic (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2 dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-generic: linux-generic depends on linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.39.47); however: Version of linux-headers-generic on system is 3.2.0.40.48. dpkg: error processing linux-generic (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Setting up linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic (3.2.0-39.62) ... Running depmod. update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later) The link /initrd.img is a dangling linkto /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-40-generic Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d. run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 3.2.0-39-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-39-generic run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 3.2.0-39-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-39-generic run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.2.0-39-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-39-generic update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-39-generic gzip: stdout: No space left on device E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1 update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-39-generic with 1. run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1 Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic.postinst line 1010. dpkg: error processing linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2 dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-generic: linux-image-generic depends on linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic; however: Package linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing linux-image-generic (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Processing triggers for initramfs-tools ... update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-38-generic gzip: stdout: No space left on device E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1 update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-38-generic with 1. dpkg: error processing initramfs-tools (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing: linux-image-3.2.0-40-generic linux-generic linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic linux-image-generic initramfs-tools user@ubuntu:~$
NIKKI：DF命令的输出和你的最后命令：
user@ubuntu:~$ df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 19222656 5545404 12700716 31% / devtmpfs 16425020 8 16425012 1% /dev none 3291972 996 3290976 1% /run none 5120 0 5120 0% /run/lock none 16459852 736 16459116 1% /run/shm /dev/sda1 90195 89356 0 100% /boot /dev/sda5 88370448 33795068 50086420 41% /home /dev/sdb1 2884283608 184345072 2553425284 7% /mnt/data0 /dev/sdc1 488145616 404062976 84082640 83% /media/KAREN_~1DRI user@ubuntu:~$ dpkg -l 'linux-*' | sed '/^ii/!d;/'"$(uname -r | sed "s/\(.*\)-\([^0-9]\+\)/\1/")"'/d;s/^[^ ]* [^ ]* \([^ ]*\).*/\1/;/[0-9]/!d' | xargs sudo apt-get -y purge [sudo] password for user: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these: The following packages have unmet dependencies: linux-generic : Depends: linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.39.47) but 3.2.0.40.48 is to be installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
在你的pastebin我注意到它说
尚未配置包linux-image-generic。
尝试这样做，然后升级
sudo dpkg –configure -a
sudo apt-get install -f
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
继续：
好像你的空间太空了。 你试过跑吗？
sudo apt-get clean && sudo apt-get autoremove
然后我建议您通过执行来检查您正在运行的内核
uname -r
记住它，然后检查已安装的所有内核
dpkg --list | grep linux-image
然后删除所有其他内核，除了你正在运行的内核。
sudo apt-get purge linux-image-xxxx-generic
并在删除所有运行后
sudo update-grub2
最后但并非最不重要的是重复上面配置内核的步骤
更新4/13/2013
嗨再次，不用担心，我们还有很多方法可以解决这个问题。 你能告诉我终端的df命令的输出吗？ 也尝试在终端中运行此命令，看看它是否能够删除“不需要的内核”
dpkg -l 'linux-*' | sed '/^ii/!d;/'"$(uname -r | sed "s/\(.*\)-\([^0-9]\+\)/\1/")"'/d;s/^[^ ]* [^ ]* \([^ ]*\).*/\1/;/[0-9]/!d' | xargs sudo apt-get -y purge
我在笔记本电脑上解决它的方式：
- 使用以前的内核映像linux-image-3.2.0-39启动笔记本电脑
- 卸载最新内核：
sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.2.0-40-generic - 卸载旧内核：图像
sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.2.0-35-generic - 更新你的系统：
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade - 更新引导加载程序：
update-grub2