无法在ubuntu 17.10上安装R.
我最近升级为artful，不能再安装r-recommended 。 我一直收到此错误消息：
user@box:~$ sudo apt install r-recommended [sudo] password for user: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following information may help to resolve the situation: The following packages have unmet dependencies: r-recommended : Depends: r-cran-boot (>= 1.2.19) but it is not going to be installed E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages. user@box:~$
尽管如此， https：//cran.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu/artful/已经可用。
编辑：正如@muru在评论中所说， sudo apt-get update的输出加上sudo apt-get upgrade的输出是
user@box:~$ sudo apt update Hit:1 http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian zesty InRelease Ign:2 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease Ign:3 https://cran-r.c3sl.ufpr.br/bin/linux/ubuntu artful/ InRelease Hit:4 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable Release Hit:5 https://cran-r.c3sl.ufpr.br/bin/linux/ubuntu artful/ Release Hit:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful InRelease Hit:9 http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu artful InRelease Hit:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates InRelease Hit:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-backports InRelease Hit:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-security InRelease Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done All packages are up to date. user@box:~$ sudo apt upgrade Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Calculating upgrade... Done 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. user@box:~$
对于r-cran-boot似乎存在破坏的依赖性。 具体而言，它取决于已经不再存在的r-api-3已经改变为r-api-3.4 。
sudo aptitude full-upgrade The following packages will be upgraded: r-cran-boot{b} 1 packages upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 618 kB of archives. After unpacking 0 B will be used. The following packages have unmet dependencies: r-cran-boot : Depends: r-api-3 which is a virtual package and is not provided by any available package The following actions will resolve these dependencies: Keep the following packages at their current version: 1) r-cran-boot [1.3-20-1build1 (artful, now)] Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?]
我现在会尝试提交错误报告。
更新：软件包维护者似乎解决了问题。 我能够升级而不会出现依赖性错误。
事实上，正如Paul Stodghill在他的回答中指出的那样，只要你知道它会先建议不安装任何东西 – 你需要拒绝一个无用的建议 – 因为它会提议无论如何安装r-cran-boot与r-api-3.4的未满足依赖关系，如此输出中所示：
user@box:~$ sudo aptitude install r-recommended The following NEW packages will be installed: cdbs{a} dh-translations{a} intltool{a} libblas-dev{a} liblapack-dev{a} libncurses5-dev{a} libreadline-dev{a} libtinfo-dev{a} python-pkg-resources{a} python-scour{a} python-six{a} r-base-core{a} r-base-dev{a} r-cran-boot{ab} r-cran-class{a} r-cran-cluster{a} r-cran-codetools{a} r-cran-foreign{a} r-cran-kernsmooth{a} r-cran-lattice{a} r-cran-mass{a} r-cran-matrix{a} r-cran-mgcv{a} r-cran-nlme{a} r-cran-nnet{a} r-cran-rpart{a} r-cran-spatial{a} r-cran-survival{a} r-doc-html{a} r-recommended 0 packages upgraded, 30 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 43.5 MB of archives. After unpacking 78.9 MB will be used. The following packages have unmet dependencies: r-cran-boot : Depends: r-api-3 which is a virtual package, provided by: - r-base-core (3.4.2-2zesty), but 3.4.2-2artful4 is to be installed The following actions will resolve these dependencies: Keep the following packages at their current version: 1) r-cran-boot [Not Installed] 2) r-recommended [Not Installed] Leave the following dependencies unresolved: 3) r-base-core recommends r-recommended Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?] n The following actions will resolve these dependencies: Install the following packages: 1) r-cran-boot [1.3-20-1build1 (artful)] Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?] y The following NEW packages will be installed: cdbs{a} dh-translations{a} intltool{a} libblas-dev{a} liblapack-dev{a} libncurses5-dev{a} libreadline-dev{a} libtinfo-dev{a} python-pkg-resources{a} python-scour{a} python-six{a} r-base-core{a} r-base-dev{a} r-cran-boot{a} r-cran-class{a} r-cran-cluster{a} r-cran-codetools{a} r-cran-foreign{a} r-cran-kernsmooth{a} r-cran-lattice{a} r-cran-mass{a} r-cran-matrix{a} r-cran-mgcv{a} r-cran-nlme{a} r-cran-nnet{a} r-cran-rpart{a} r-cran-spatial{a} r-cran-survival{a} r-doc-html{a} r-recommended 0 packages upgraded, 30 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 43.5 MB of archives. After unpacking 78.9 MB will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n/?] y Get: 1 https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu artful/ r-base-core 3.4.2-2artful4 [23.2 MB] Get: 2 https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu artful/ r-base-dev 3.4.2-2artful4 [4414 B] (...) Setting up r-cran-rpart (4.1-11-1build1) ... Setting up r-recommended (3.4.2-2artful4) ... Current status: 1 (+1) upgradable. user@box:~$
对于在不同设置中遇到此错误的用户。
从16.04升级后，我在18.04得到了这个。
我在16.04的镜头上有另一面镜子。 在升级之后，我遇到了使用相同类型的输出升级r-recommended的问题。
一旦我删除了源列表，在我的案例cran.mirror.ac.za ，升级仍然无法使用输出：
The following packages have unmet dependencies: r-cran-boot : Depends: r-api-3.4 r-cran-class : Depends: r-api-3.4 r-cran-cluster : Depends: r-api-3.4 r-cran-codetools : Depends: r-api-3.4 r-cran-foreign : Depends: r-api-3.4 r-cran-kernsmooth : Depends: r-api-3.4 r-cran-lattice : Depends: r-api-3.4 r-cran-mass : Depends: r-api-3.4 r-cran-matrix : Depends: r-api-3.4 r-cran-mgcv : Depends: r-api-3.4 r-cran-nlme : Depends: r-api-3.4 r-cran-nnet : Depends: r-api-3.4 r-cran-rpart : Depends: r-api-3.4 r-cran-spatial : Depends: r-api-3.4 r-cran-survival : Depends: r-api-3.4
我不得不apt-get remove r-base-core ， apt-get clean然后我可以安装r-recommended而没有问题。
我认为问题在于依赖于包， r-base-core是从其他repo安装的，而不是使用Ubuntu自动升级的。
这可能实际上是OP的情况，或者在任何情况下都可以呈现相同的情况，所以我认为可能是一个有用的答案。