使用apt-get purge package删除了大多数软件包\ *; 我怎样才能让他们回来？
我通过在终端中执行以下命令意外丢失了一些系统文件：
sudo apt-get purge wine\* 大多数安装的软件（终端，软件中心，libreoffice等）现在都丢失了。
有没有人有解决这个问题的方法？
这是已删除软件包的列表（至少在Debian上）：
➜ ~ apt-get -s purge wine\* NOTE: This is only a simulation! apt-get needs root privileges for real execution. Keep also in mind that locking is deactivated, so don't depend on the relevance to the real current situation! Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Note, selecting 'kmfl-keyboards-mywin' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'kwin-style-qtcurve' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'windows-el' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'avifile-win32-plugin' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libunwind8' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'navit-graphics-gtk-drawing-area' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'golang-go-darwin-amd64' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'hwinfo' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libchewing2-dev' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'winff-gtk2' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wine64-unstable' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wine64-bin' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'winff-qt' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'scim-chewing' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'openwince-jtag' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'gpgv-win32' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libwine-openal' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'gemrb-icewind-dale-data' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wine32-dev-tools' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'petitboot-twin' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libswing-layout-java' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libswing-layout-java-doc' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'gemrb-icewind-dale-2' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libwine-dev' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'plplot12-driver-xwin' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libswingx-java' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libfreehep-swing-java' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libchewing3-dbg' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'kdeartwork-theme-window' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libx11-windowhierarchy-perl' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libwine-gecko-dbg-2.21' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'golang-go-windows-amd64' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libwine-capi' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'winbind' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libtwin0' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wine-utils' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'winff-doc' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'q4wine-unstable' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'win32-loader' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wine64-development-preloader' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'cpio-win32' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libchewing' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wine64-development' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wininfo' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libkwineffects1abi5' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'freepwing' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libchewing3-dev' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libwine-ldap' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libwine-oss' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'winpdb' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libkwinglesutils1' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libwind0-heimdal' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libwine-gphoto2' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libwine-sane' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'phylowin' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'qml-module-qtquick-window2' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libwine-alsa' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'matchbox-window-manager' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'windowlab' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wine64-bin-unstable' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libworldwind-java' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'ibus-chewing' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libwings-dev' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'winswitch' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libwin-hivex-perl' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wine' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wing' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wink' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'worldwind' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libmono-system-windows-forms-datavisualization4.0a-cil' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'q4wine' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'winetricks' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'winkeydaemon' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wine32-unstable' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wine64-development-tools' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libwine-development-dbg' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'mate-window-manager' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libtwin-dev' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'shiki-wine-theme' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wine32' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libcsfml-window2' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libkwinglutils1abi2' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libmate-window-settings-dbg' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libunwind-setjmp0-dbg' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wings3d' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libnss-winbind' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libmate-window-settings1' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'kde-window-manager' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libunwind1-dev' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libmono-system-drawing4.0-cil' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libswingx1-java-doc' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libunwind7-dev' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libwine-development-dev' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wine-development' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libparse-win32registry-perl' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libswingx1-java' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wine64' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libwine-cms' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libwine' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'science-viewing-dev' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libmate-window-settings-dev' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'avant-window-navigator' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libmono-system-reactive-windows-threading2.1-cil' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libmono-system-drawing-design4.0-cil' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libsfml-window2' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libunwind-setjmp0-dev' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'ibus-chewing-dbg' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'openwince-include' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'qtdeclarative5-window-plugin' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'fcitx-chewing' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'gemrb-icewind-dale-2-data' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libunwind8-dbg' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libchewing-dev' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'kwin-style-dekorator' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libchewing-data' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libwine-bin' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libwine-development' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libapache2-mod-auth-ntlm-winbind' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wine32-development' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'golang-go-windows-386' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libmono-system-reactive-windows-forms2.1-cil' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libwings2' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libwine-gl' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wine1.2' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wine1.3' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wine-unstable' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wine1.4' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wine1.5' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'x-window-system-core' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libchewing3-data' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libunwind8-dev' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libmono-windowsbase3.0-cil' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'kwin-style-oxygen-transparent' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'winwrangler' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'plplot11-driver-xwin' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libmono-system-windows-forms4.0-cil' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libmono-system-reactive-windows-threading2.2-cil' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wine-doc' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'golang-go-darwin-386' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wing-data' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libmono-winforms2.0-cil' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'arc-wine' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'x-window-manager' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libjenkins-winstone-java-doc' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'fte-xwindow' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libmono-system-windows-forms-datavisualization4.0-cil' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wine32-development-tools' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'hime-chewing' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'gzip-win32' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libjenkins-winstone-java' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'pd-windowing' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libmono-windowsbase4.0-cil' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libmate-window-settings1-dbg' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libswingx-java-doc' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libmono-system-reactive-windows-forms2.2-cil' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wine64-dev-tools' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libpam-winbind' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'kwin4-style-bespin' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'ucimf-chewing' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'kwin-style-crystal' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'gextractwinicons' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'uim-chewing' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'twinkle' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'emacs-window-layout' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libchewing3' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'gemrb-icewind-dale' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'gnome-wine-icon-theme' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'x-window-system' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libchewing1-dev' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'winbind4' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'science-viewing' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libjswingreader-java' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'plplot9-driver-xwin' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libmono-system-windows4.0-cil' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'twine' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libunwind-setjmp0' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'winbindd' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'winff' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'python-strongwind' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'winff-dbg' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'libwine-gecko-2.21' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'all-knowing-dns' for regex 'wine*' Note, selecting 'wine-bin' for regex 'wine*'
这些是删除的实际包：
The following packages will be REMOVED: gnome-control-center* gvfs-backends* keepass2* libglade2.0-cil* libgssapi3-heimdal* libgtk2.0-cil* libhdb9-heimdal* libheimntlm0-heimdal* libhx509-5-heimdal* libkdc2-heimdal* libkrb5-26-heimdal* libmate-window-settings1* libmono-cil-dev* libmono-http4.0-cil* libmono-microsoft-web-infrastructure1.0-cil* libmono-system-data-services2.0-cil* libmono-system-data-services4.0-cil* libmono-system-design4.0-cil* libmono-system-drawing-design4.0-cil* libmono-system-drawing4.0-cil* libmono-system-messaging4.0-cil* libmono-system-reactive-windows-forms2.2-cil* libmono-system-reactive-windows-threading2.2-cil* libmono-system-runtime4.0-cil* libmono-system-servicemodel-activation4.0-cil* libmono-system-servicemodel-discovery4.0-cil* libmono-system-servicemodel-routing4.0-cil* libmono-system-servicemodel-web4.0-cil* libmono-system-servicemodel4.0a-cil* libmono-system-serviceprocess4.0-cil* libmono-system-web-abstractions4.0-cil* libmono-system-web-dynamicdata4.0-cil* libmono-system-web-extensions-design4.0-cil* libmono-system-web-extensions4.0-cil* libmono-system-web-http-selfhost4.0-cil* libmono-system-web-http-webhost4.0-cil* libmono-system-web-mvc3.0-cil* libmono-system-web-routing4.0-cil* libmono-system-web-services4.0-cil* libmono-system-web-webpages-deployment2.0-cil* libmono-system-web-webpages-razor2.0-cil* libmono-system-web-webpages2.0-cil* libmono-system-web4.0-cil* libmono-system-windows-forms-datavisualization4.0a-cil* libmono-system-windows-forms4.0-cil* libmono-system-windows4.0-cil* libmono-system-xml-serialization4.0-cil* libmono-web4.0-cil* libmono-windowsbase3.0-cil* libmono-windowsbase4.0-cil* libmono-winforms2.0-cil* libnunit-cil-dev* libnunit2.6-cil* libsmbclient* libsmbclient-dev* libwebkit1.1-cil* libwind0-heimdal* libwine* libwine-gecko-2.21* mate-control-center* mate-desktop-environment-core* mono-4.0-service* mono-complete* mono-devel* monodoc-browser* monodoc-manual* mplayer* mpv* python-samba* samba* samba-common-bin* samba-dsdb-modules* samba-libs* samba-vfs-modules* wine* wine64*
删除的最可怕的包是x-window-manager ，但没有删除任何类型。 我可以说的是，除非你使用KDE或MATE，否则没有任何软件包可以删除它会导致你的系统软件包被删除，或者留下一个残缺的系统，事实上，如果有任何真正重要的软件包会离开如果您的系统处于无法启动的状态，您应该会看到如下警告：
WARNING: The following essential packages will be removed. This should NOT be done unless you know exactly what you are doing! apt
在这种情况下，它会要求您输入完整的短语“我知道我在做什么！”，字面意思。 所以，既然我们知道删除了哪些软件包，我们就可以知道我们丢失了哪些function……实际上没有！ 我们仍然有网络管理器和apt / dpkg所以修复/恢复这将是轻而易举的，只需转移到TTY（ Ctrl + Alt + F1 ）并安装(k|l|x)ubuntu-desktop元数据包应该足够了将一切恢复正常。
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
从那里，检查您安装的其他软件包是否已经安装。
啊，最后的律师，除非你知道正则表达式会做什么，否则不要这样做。 它匹配任何以其名义win或wine包装。 和往常一样--simulate / --simulate是你的朋友。