在Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 64位上安装Skype
几周以前，我正试图在我的电脑上安装Skype。 我想这将是一项直接的任务，但它正在成为一场噩梦。
到目前为止我尝试了什么：
使用apt从命令行安装
最容易的人和最有可能尝试的人： sudo apt-get install skype
但不幸的是我得到了这个：
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following information may help to resolve the situation: The following packages have unmet dependencies: skype : Depends: skype-bin E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
如果我尝试sudo apt-get intall skype-bin我得到：
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following information may help to resolve the situation: The following packages have unmet dependencies: skype-bin:i386 : Depends: libqt4-dbus:i386 (>= 4:4.5.3) but it is not going to be installed Depends: libqt4-network:i386 (>= 4:4.8.0) but it is not going to be installed Depends: libqt4-xml:i386 (>= 4:4.5.3) but it is not going to be installed Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (>= 4:4.7.0~beta1) but it is not going to be installed Depends: libqtgui4:i386 (>= 4:4.8.0) but it is not going to be installed Depends: libqtwebkit4:i386 (>= 2.2~2011week36) but it is not going to be installed Recommends: sni-qt:i386 but it is not going to be installed E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
之后，我尝试使用sudo apt-get clean ， sudo apt-get update ， sudo apt-get autoclean和sudo apt-get -f install等命令，以解决包依赖的任何问题，但它完全不成功。
我已按照此处说明的说明操作（ 如何安装Skype？ ）但它也不起作用。
从软件中心安装
如果我尝试从软件中心安装，我会得到与从终端运行sudo apt-get install skype完全相同的错误。
使用Ubuntu Tweak安装
失败，我收到以下错误：
skype：取决于：skype-bin，但它是一个虚拟包。
使用Synaptic进行安装
我也遵循了这里描述的指令：
community.skype.com/t5 / Linux / Unable-to-install-due-to-unmet-dependencies-Skype-bin / mp / 1339650 / highlight / true＃M3329
大部分相同，也不起作用。
安装官方Skype .deb
从http://www.skype.com/en/download-skype/skype-for-linux/downloading/?type=ubuntu64下载skype-ubuntu-precise_4.1.0.20-1_i386.deb之后我尝试安装它软件中心，但它显示以下错误：
无法安装’lbqt4-dbus：i386′
试图修复apt
我已经尝试通过以下post解决任何可能的包问题（ 如何在添加PPA后解决未满足的依赖关系？ ）但是没有用。
遵循Ubuntu帮助说明
如果我尝试按照https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Skype中说明的说明运行sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386时遇到问题，我会得到以下信息：
dpkg：错误：未知选项–add-architecture
我还尝试了其他方法，通过我发现的其他post和解决方案，但这对我没有任何影响。 在这一点上，我完全失去了，我不知道我还能做什么。 我希望有人可以提出任何解决方案。
这是我的sources.list的内容，以防万一：
# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 12.04.2 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release amd64 (20130213)]/ dists/precise/main/binary-i386/ # deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 12.04.2 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release amd64 (20130213)]/ dists/precise/restricted/binary-i386/ # deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 12.04.2 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release amd64 (20130213)]/ precise main restricted # See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to # newer versions of the distribution. deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main restricted ## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the ## distribution. deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates main restricted ## NB software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any ## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team. deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise universe deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates universe ## NB software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to ## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in ## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu ## security team. deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates multiverse ## NB software from this repository may not have been tested as ## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes ## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features. ## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review ## or updates from the Ubuntu security team. deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security universe deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security multiverse ## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's ## 'partner' repository. ## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the ## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users. deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner ## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by third-party ## developers who want to ship their latest software. # deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main # deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main deb http://archive.canonical.com/ precise partner deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ precise partner
Gx1sptDTDa和AlejandroGarcíaSeco的组合非常适合我。
- 打开终端（ Ctrl + Alt + T ）。
-
将其复制并粘贴到终端：
sudo apt-get install libqt4-dbus:i386 libqt4-network:i386 libqt4-xml:i386 libqtcore4:i386 libqtgui4:i386 libqtwebkit4:i386 sni-qt:i386按Enter键 。
-
然后通过粘贴安装Skype：
sudo apt-get install skype
Skype 4.2在我新的Ubuntu 12.04 LTE 64bit上运行。
>>对于32Bit
终端命令：
wget http://download.skype.com/linux/skype-ubuntu-lucid_4.2.0.11-1_i386.deb sudo dpkg -i skype-ubuntu-lucid_4.2.0.11-1_i386.deb sudo apt-get -f install;rm skype-ubuntu-lucid_4.2.0.11-1_i386.deb
>>对于64Bit
终端命令：
sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386 sudo apt-get install ia32-libs sudo apt-get update wget http://download.skype.com/linux/skype-ubuntu-lucid_4.2.0.11-1_i386.deb sudo dpkg -i skype-ubuntu-lucid_4.2.0.11-1_i386.deb sudo apt-get -f install;rm skype-ubuntu-lucid_4.2.0.11-1_i386.deb
在所有这些运行终端sudo apt-get install sni-qt:i386 ; 这将恢复Skype的联系窗口
这就是全部，最多5分钟完成工作。 我在64位上使用Ubuntu，这种安装Skype的方法总是很完美。
好的，我找到了解决问题的方法。 我已按照此处描述的步骤操作： http ： //rumytaulu.wordpress.com/2012/10/26/cant-install-ia32-libs-and-ia32-libs-multiarch-how-to-fix-it/
在那之后，我只是简单地运行sudo apt-get install skype并且……瞧，它有效！
我必须说我有负面后果。 在运行sudo apt-get dist-upgrade ，如第三步所述，如果运行sudo apt-get autoremove ，我会得到以下sudo apt-get autoremove ：
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. 2 not fully installed or removed. After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used. Setting up grub-efi-amd64 (1.99-21ubuntu3.9) ... /var/lib/dpkg/info/grub-efi-amd64.postinst: line 684: grub-install: command not found dpkg: error processing grub-efi-amd64 (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127 dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of grub-efi-amd64-signed: grub-efi-amd64-signed depends on grub-efi-amd64 (>= 1.99-21ubuntu3.5); however: Package grub-efi-amd64 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing grub-efi-amd64-signed (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure. Errors were encountered while processing: grub-efi-amd64 grub-efi-amd64-signed E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
幸运的是，一切正常，但现在我想用Grub软件包解决这个问题，特别是因为它与Grub有关，这是非常关键的。 我只是想知道是否可以在启动计算机时发现更多意外问题……
如果我设法解决这个不良后果，我会更新这个答案。 如果有人知道怎么做，请告诉我。
更新：
我设法解决了GRUB包的问题，在这里描述了问题和解决方案： 无法修复损坏的包系统
在Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 32位上安装Skype真的很痛苦。 我尝试了这里列出的大部分内容，但我只是通过Ubuntu Tweak的Apps部分进行安装。
我找到了一个非常简单的方法来做到这一点。 只需在终端中运行这些命令：
sudo apt-get install libqt4-dbus:i386 libqt4-network:i386 libqt4-xml:i386 libqtcore4:i386 libqtgui4:i386 libqtwebkit4:i386 sni-qt:i386 wget http://download.skype.com/linux/skype-debian_4.2.0.13-1_i386.deb sudo dpkg -i skype-debian_4.2.0.13-1_i386.deb
第一个下载依赖项，第二个下载.deb包，然后最后一个安装它。 简单！