新贵到Systemd
我们在/etc/init/private-api.conf有一个Upstart作业，包含：
# start when server starts start on runlevel [23456] # Stop when server shuts down/reboots stop on shutdown #Respawn the process if it crashes #If it respawns more than 10 times in 5 seconds stop respawn respawn limit 10 5 #expect fork script cd /home/ubuntu/private-api && exec java -jar -Dspring.profiles.active=stage private-api-SNAPSHOT.jar > private-api.log 2>&1 end script
我需要触发的下一个命令是：
sudo initctl reload-configuration
之后，我应该运行该服务，使用以下命令：
service private-api start/stop/restart/status
我这样做时出现以下错误 ：
initctl: Unable to connect to Upstart: Failed to connect to socket /com/ubuntu/upstart: Connection refused
我发现在Ubuntu 16.04中没有使用Upstart并且现在已经转移到Systemd ，并且Systemd文件需要位于 – /etc/systemd/system ，文件扩展名为.service 。 之后运行systemd服务需要触发2个命令：
sudo systemctl daemon-reload sudo systemctl start xyz.service
我指的是以下链接：
- https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SystemdForUpstartUsers
- https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/understanding-systemd-units-and-unit-files
以下是我到目前为止使用上述参考文献所取得的成就：
[Unit] Description=Upstart for Private API After=network.target network-online.target Wants=network-online.target [Service] User=root WorkingDirectory=/home/ubuntu/private-api ExecStart=/usr/bin/java -classpath home/ubuntu/private-api/private-api-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar -Dspring.profiles.active=stage > home/ubuntu/private-api/private-api.log 2>&1 SuccessExitStatus=143 Restart=on-failure RestartSec=120s [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
我重新加载了我的Systemd服务：
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
但是当我检查服务状态时，我得到绝对路径错误：
sudo systemctl status private-api.service Apr 05 08:48:56 ip-10-10-1-153 systemd[1]: [/etc/systemd/system/private-api.service:9] Executable path is not absolute, ignoring: ExecStart=/usr/bin/java -classpath /home/ubuntu/private/astro-private-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar -Dspring.profiles.active=dev > private.log 2>&1 Apr 05 08:48:56 ip-10-10-1-153 systemd[1]: private-api.service: Service lacks both ExecStart= and ExecStop= setting. Refusing. Apr 05 08:49:07 ip-10-10-1-153 systemd[1]: [/etc/systemd/system/private-api.service:9] Executable path is not absolute, ignoring: ExecStart=/usr/bin/java -classpath /home/ubuntu/private/astro-private-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar -Dspring.profiles.active=dev > private.log 2>&1 Apr 05 08:49:07 ip-10-10-1-153 systemd[1]: private-api.service: Service lacks both ExecStart= and ExecStop= setting. Refusing. Apr 05 08:51:40 ip-10-10-1-153 systemd[1]: [/etc/systemd/system/private-api.service:9] Executable path is not absolute, ignoring: ExecStart=/usr/bin/java -classpath /home/ubuntu/private/astro-private-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar -Dspring.profiles.active=dev > /home/ubuntu/private/private.log 2>&1 Apr 05 08:51:40 ip-10-10-1-153 systemd[1]: private-api.service: Service lacks both ExecStart= and ExecStop= setting. Refusing. Apr 05 09:17:41 ip-10-10-1-153 systemd[1]: [/etc/systemd/system/private-api.service:9] Executable path is not absolute, ignoring: ExecStart=/usr/bin/java -classpath /home/ubuntu/private/astro-private-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar -Dspring.profiles.active=dev > /home/ubuntu/private/private.log 2>&1 Apr 05 09:17:41 ip-10-10-1-153 systemd[1]: private-api.service: Service lacks both ExecStart= and ExecStop= setting. Refusing. Apr 05 09:17:59 ip-10-10-1-153 systemd[1]: [/etc/systemd/system/private-api.service:9] Executable path is not absolute, ignoring: ExecStart=/usr/bin/java -classpath /home/ubuntu/private/astro-private-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar -Dspring.profiles.active=dev > /home/ubuntu/private/private.log 2>&1 Apr 05 09:17:59 ip-10-10-1-153 systemd[1]: private-api.service: Service lacks both ExecStart= and ExecStop= setting. Refusing.
有人可以帮助我转换我当前的新贵.conf脚本吗？
systemctl show private-api.service输出systemctl show private-api.service –
Type=oneshot Restart=on-failure NotifyAccess=none RestartUSec=2min TimeoutStartUSec=infinity TimeoutStopUSec=1min 30s RuntimeMaxUSec=infinity WatchdogUSec=0 WatchdogTimestampMonotonic=0 FailureAction=none PermissionsStartOnly=no RootDirectoryStartOnly=no RemainAfterExit=no GuessMainPID=yes MainPID=0 ControlPID=0 FileDescriptorStoreMax=0 NFileDescriptorStore=0 StatusErrno=0 Result=success ExecMainStartTimestampMonotonic=0 ExecMainExitTimestampMonotonic=0 ExecMainPID=0 ExecMainCode=0 ExecMainStatus=0 Slice=system.slice MemoryCurrent=18446744073709551615 CPUUsageNSec=18446744073709551615 TasksCurrent=18446744073709551615 Delegate=no CPUAccounting=no CPUShares=18446744073709551615 StartupCPUShares=18446744073709551615 CPUQuotaPerSecUSec=infinity BlockIOAccounting=no BlockIOWeight=18446744073709551615 StartupBlockIOWeight=18446744073709551615 MemoryAccounting=no MemoryLimit=18446744073709551615 DevicePolicy=auto TasksAccounting=no TasksMax=18446744073709551615 UMask=0022 LimitCPU=18446744073709551615 LimitCPUSoft=18446744073709551615 LimitFSIZE=18446744073709551615 LimitFSIZESoft=18446744073709551615 LimitDATA=18446744073709551615 LimitDATASoft=18446744073709551615 LimitSTACK=18446744073709551615 LimitSTACKSoft=8388608 LimitCORE=18446744073709551615 LimitCORESoft=0 LimitRSS=18446744073709551615 LimitRSSSoft=18446744073709551615 LimitNOFILE=4096 LimitNOFILESoft=1024 LimitAS=18446744073709551615 LimitASSoft=18446744073709551615 LimitNPROC=31855 LimitNPROCSoft=31855 LimitMEMLOCK=65536 LimitMEMLOCKSoft=65536 LimitLOCKS=18446744073709551615 LimitLOCKSSoft=18446744073709551615 LimitSIGPENDING=31855 LimitSIGPENDINGSoft=31855 LimitMSGQUEUE=819200 LimitMSGQUEUESoft=819200 LimitNICE=0 LimitNICESoft=0 LimitRTPRIO=0 LimitRTPRIOSoft=0 LimitRTTIME=18446744073709551615 LimitRTTIMESoft=18446744073709551615 WorkingDirectory=/home/ubuntu/private-api OOMScoreAdjust=0 Nice=0 IOScheduling=0 CPUSchedulingPolicy=0 CPUSchedulingPriority=0 TimerSlackNSec=50000 CPUSchedulingResetOnFork=no NonBlocking=no StandardInput=null StandardOutput=journal StandardError=inherit TTYReset=no TTYVHangup=no TTYVTDisallocate=no SyslogPriority=30 SyslogLevelPrefix=yes SyslogLevel=6 SyslogFacility=3 SecureBits=0 CapabilityBoundingSet=18446744073709551615 AmbientCapabilities=0 User=root MountFlags=0 PrivateTmp=no PrivateNetwork=no PrivateDevices=no ProtectHome=no ProtectSystem=no SameProcessGroup=no UtmpMode=init IgnoreSIGPIPE=yes NoNewPrivileges=no SystemCallErrorNumber=0 RuntimeDirectoryMode=0755 KillMode=control-group KillSignal=15 SendSIGKILL=yes SendSIGHUP=no Id=private-api.service Names=private-api.service Requires=sysinit.target Wants=network-online.target Conflicts=shutdown.target Before=shutdown.target After=network.target basic.target systemd-journald.socket sysinit.target network-online.target RequiresMountsFor=/home/ubuntu/private-api Description=Upstart for AMS private-CMS LoadState=error ActiveState=inactive SubState=dead FragmentPath=/etc/systemd/system/private-api.service UnitFileState=disabled UnitFilePreset=enabled StateChangeTimestampMonotonic=0 InactiveExitTimestampMonotonic=0 ActiveEnterTimestampMonotonic=0 ActiveExitTimestampMonotonic=0 InactiveEnterTimestampMonotonic=0 CanStart=no CanStop=no CanReload=no CanIsolate=no StopWhenUnneeded=no RefuseManualStart=no RefuseManualStop=no AllowIsolate=no DefaultDependencies=yes OnFailureJobMode=replace IgnoreOnIsolate=no NeedDaemonReload=no JobTimeoutUSec=infinity JobTimeoutAction=none ConditionResult=no AssertResult=no ConditionTimestampMonotonic=0 AssertTimestampMonotonic=0 LoadError=org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.InvalidArgs "Invalid argument" Transient=no StartLimitInterval=10000000 StartLimitBurst=5 StartLimitAction=none
cat private-api.service的输出 –
[Unit] Description=Upstart for Private API After=network.target network-online.target Wants=network-online.target [Service] User=root WorkingDirectory=/home/ubuntu/private-api ExecStart=/usr/bin/java -classpath home/ubuntu/private-api/private-api-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar -Dspring.profiles.active=stage > home/ubuntu/private-api/private-api.log 2>&1 SuccessExitStatus=143 Restart=on-failure RestartSec=120s [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
首先，您发布的文件确实报告了“绝对路径”错误，在Ubuntu 16.04上使用systemd 229进行了检查。您可以自己检查文件的语法：
systemd-analyze verify /etc/systemd/system/private-api.service
其次，不需要在文件中包含User=root 。 默认情况下，系统单元由root运行。
第三，尝试以这种方式重定向服务的输出可能不起作用，不建议使用。 systemd具有StandardOutput=和StandardInput=指令来控制此输出的位置。 默认情况下，它会将数据发送到systemd日志中。 如果您想查看仅提供服务的日志，可以使用：
journalctl -u private-api