由于未满足的依赖性,无法清除完整/启动
我收到一条错误消息,说明我的/ boot已满。 由于磁盘已满错误或依赖性错误,尝试清理旧映像文件似乎总是失败。 有人可以解释我哪里出错了。
$ sudo apt-get autoremove Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these. The following packages have unmet dependencies. linux-image-extra-3.13.0-44-generic : Depends: linux-image-3.13.0-44-generic but it is not installed linux-image-extra-3.13.0-45-generic : Depends: linux-image-3.13.0-45-generic but it is not installed linux-image-generic : Depends: linux-image-3.13.0-45-generic but it is not installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f. $ ls /boot abi-3.13.0-32-generic initrd.img-3.13.0-43-generic abi-3.13.0-36-generic lost+found abi-3.13.0-37-generic memtest86+.bin abi-3.13.0-39-generic memtest86+.elf abi-3.13.0-40-generic memtest86+_multiboot.bin abi-3.13.0-43-generic System.map-3.13.0-32-generic config-3.13.0-32-generic System.map-3.13.0-36-generic config-3.13.0-36-generic System.map-3.13.0-37-generic config-3.13.0-37-generic System.map-3.13.0-39-generic config-3.13.0-39-generic System.map-3.13.0-40-generic config-3.13.0-40-generic System.map-3.13.0-43-generic config-3.13.0-43-generic vmlinuz-3.13.0-32-generic grub vmlinuz-3.13.0-36-generic initrd.img-3.13.0-32-generic vmlinuz-3.13.0-37-generic initrd.img-3.13.0-36-generic vmlinuz-3.13.0-39-generic initrd.img-3.13.0-37-generic vmlinuz-3.13.0-40-generic initrd.img-3.13.0-39-generic vmlinuz-3.13.0-43-generic initrd.img-3.13.0-40-generic
我用了
kernelver=$(uname -r | sed -r 's/-[az]+//') dpkg -l linux-{image,headers}-"[0-9]*" | awk '/ii/{print $2}' | grep -ve $kernelver
要得到
linux-headers-3.13.0-32 linux-headers-3.13.0-32-generic linux-headers-3.13.0-36 linux-headers-3.13.0-36-generic linux-headers-3.13.0-37 linux-headers-3.13.0-37-generic linux-headers-3.13.0-39 linux-headers-3.13.0-39-generic linux-headers-3.13.0-40 linux-headers-3.13.0-40-generic linux-headers-3.13.0-44 linux-headers-3.13.0-44-generic linux-headers-3.13.0-45 linux-headers-3.13.0-45-generic linux-image-3.13.0-32-generic linux-image-3.13.0-36-generic linux-image-3.13.0-37-generic linux-image-3.13.0-39-generic linux-image-3.13.0-40-generic
然后选择要删除的第一张图像
$ sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.13.0-32-generic Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these: The following packages have unmet dependencies. linux-image-extra-3.13.0-32-generic : Depends: linux-image-3.13.0-32-generic but it is not going to be installed linux-image-extra-3.13.0-44-generic : Depends: linux-image-3.13.0-44-generic but it is not going to be installed linux-image-extra-3.13.0-45-generic : Depends: linux-image-3.13.0-45-generic but it is not going to be installed linux-image-generic : Depends: linux-image-3.13.0-45-generic but it is not going to be installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
在这种情况下,我会使用dpkg
工具强制删除一些内核包。 这不建议常用,并且有点危险 ,但在这种情况下,未满足的依赖可能会有所帮助。
首先找到引导系统的内核。 当前加载的那个。 打开终端(CTRL + ALT + T)并发出以下命令
uname -r
它会显示加载的内核,你不应该尝试删除这个。
然后发出命令
ls /boot
它将返回所有已安装的图像。 选择一个或两个并尝试删除它们。 尝试强制删除/清除它们。 例如
sudo dpkg --force-all -P linux-image-3.13.0-32-generic
您可以对其他图像执行相同操作,以释放一些空间。
然后你可以尝试安装丢失的软件包,或者
sudo apt-get install -f
尝试解决依赖关系。
最后,发出“cleanup old kernels”命令
sudo apt-get purge $(dpkg -l linux-{image,headers}-"[0-9]*" | awk '/ii/{print $2}' | grep -ve "$(uname -r | sed -r 's/-[az]+//')")
上面的命令将删除除当前加载的内核之外的所有内核。
因为你有一个单独的/ boot分区,请记住你需要跟踪它的空间并经常清理(频率取决于/ boot的空间)
这对我在Ubuntu 16.04上有用。
sudo apt autoremove --purge sudo apt autoremove sudo apt-get -f install sudo apt-get upgrade
列出所有内核:
dpkg --list 'linux-image*'
显示当前内核:
uname -r
列出所有内核除了当前的一个:
dpkg -l linux-{image,headers}-"[0-9]*" | awk '/^ii/{ print $2}' | grep -v -e `uname -r | cut -f1,2 -d"-"` | grep -e '[0-9]'
确保您当前的内核不在该列表中。
删除所有内核除了当前内核:
dpkg -l linux-{image,headers}-"[0-9]*" | awk '/^ii/{ print $2}' | grep -v -e `uname -r | cut -f1,2 -d"-"` | grep -e '[0-9]' | xargs sudo apt-get -y purge
清除其他东西:
sudo apt-get autoremove