内存使用量不会随着时间的推移而增加
我的Ubuntu 13.04系统上的内存使用量不会随着时间的推移而增加。 我已经尝试了3.8.0-xx内核和来自/ ~kernel-ppa / mainline的最新版本3.9。
当我第一次启动时，这一切都正确加起来，但几天之后，这就是它的样子。
$ free -k total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 7978976 7319920 659056 0 97248 1344356 -/+ buffers/cache: 5878316 2100660 Swap: 2438140 0 2438140 Free报告说正在使用大约5.8G的驻留内存，不包括缓存和缓冲区。
当我对ps命令报告的rs进行求和时，总数差异很大。
sudo ps -eo pid,rss,args > mem.txt PID RSS COMMAND 6377 848,268 /usr/lib/firefox/firefox 6095 243,664 /usr/bin/gnome-shell 1752 72,300 /usr/sbin/mysqld 6167 71,460 /var/lib/dropbox/.dropbox-dist/dropbox 7608 66,952 /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/deluge-gtk 23320 57,892 /usr/bin/X :3 -background none -verbose -auth /run/gdm/auth-for-gdm-9zmczs/database -nolisten tcp vt7 6445 45,476 /usr/lib/firefox/plugin-container /usr/lib/adobe-flashplugin/libflashplayer.so -greomni /usr/lib/firefox/omni.ja -appomni /usr/lib/firefox/browser/omni.ja -appdir /usr/lib/firefox/browser 6377 true plugin 6159 39,784 nautilus -n 6153 37,276 /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/autokey-gtk 9306 29,432 gnome-terminal 6152 27,152 nm-applet 6066 24,796 /usr/lib/gnome-settings-daemon/gnome-settings-daemon 6434 20,120 /usr/lib/firefox/plugin-container /opt/google/talkplugin/libnpgoogletalk.so -greomni /usr/lib/firefox/omni.ja -appomni /usr/lib/firefox/browser/omni.ja -appdir /usr/lib/firefox/browser 6377 true plugin 9505 17,700 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start 6154 16,096 update-notifier 6437 13,516 /opt/google/talkplugin/GoogleTalkPlugin 6184 13,192 /usr/lib/evolution/evolution-calendar-factory 5983 12,372 gnome-session --session=gnome 3746 9,468 /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/fail2ban-server -b -s /var/run/fail2ban/fail2ban.sock 9510 8,476 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start 9511 8,476 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start 9512 8,476 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start 9513 8,476 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start 9514 8,476 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start 6112 7,732 /usr/lib/evolution/evolution-source-registry 1890 7,212 /usr/bin/atop -a -w /var/log/atop/atop_20130425 600 6106 6,912 /usr/lib/gnome-shell/gnome-shell-calendar-server 1646 6,868 NetworkManager 6073 6,404 /usr/bin/pulseaudio --start --log-target=syslog 6125 6,080 /usr/lib/telepathy/mission-control-5 5588 5,592 /usr/lib/udisks2/udisksd --no-debug 1229 5,568 /usr/lib/colord/colord 6129 5,560 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfs-udisks2-volume-monitor 1205 5,532 smbd -F 5954 5,220 gdm-session-worker [pam/gdm-password] 1656 5,164 /usr/lib/policykit-1/polkitd --no-debug 9312 5,112 -bash 5965 5,040 /usr/bin/gnome-keyring-daemon --daemonize --login 9531 4,952 -bash 1759 4,900 whoopsie 1606 4,412 /usr/sbin/winbindd -F 3149 4,300 /usr/lib/upower/upowerd 2992 4,068 /usr/sbin/console-kit-daemon --no-daemon 23316 3,952 /usr/lib/gdm/gdm-simple-slave --display-id /org/gnome/DisplayManager/Displays/_3 6299 3,800 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfsd-metadata 1090 3,748 /usr/sbin/cupsd -F 1721 3,708 /sbin/dhclient -d -sf /usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action -pf /run/sendsigs.omit.d/network-manager.dhclient-eth0.pid -lf /var/lib/NetworkManager/dhclient-681b428f-beaf-8932-dce4-687ed5bae28e-eth0.lease -cf /var/lib/NetworkManager/dhclient-eth0.conf eth0 2988 3,672 /usr/lib/accountsservice/accounts-daemon 6228 3,540 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfsd-trash --spawner :1.4 /org/gtk/gvfs/exec_spaw/0 6043 3,296 /usr/lib/at-spi2-core/at-spi2-registryd --use-gnome-session 1728 3,288 gdm 6136 3,220 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfs-gphoto2-volume-monitor 6144 3,212 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfs-afc-volume-monitor 6036 3,204 /usr/lib/at-spi2-core/at-spi-bus-launcher 1607 3,196 /usr/sbin/modem-manager 1 3,096 /sbin/init 6087 3,044 /usr/lib/pulseaudio/pulse/gconf-helper 6047 2,992 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfsd 6089 2,900 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gconf/gconfd-2 6274 2,832 /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service 1248 2,772 /usr/sbin/cups-browsed 1571 2,696 /usr/sbin/sshd -D 6140 2,648 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfs-mtp-volume-monitor 1484 2,608 dhclient -1 -v -pf /run/dhclient.eth0.pid -lf /var/lib/dhcp/dhclient.eth0.leases eth0 9662 2,600 sudo ps -eo pid,rss,args 3614 2,428 /usr/sbin/afpd -U uams_dhx2.so,uams_clrtxt.so -g nobody -c 50 -n cheetah 771 2,340 dbus-daemon --system --fork 5376 2,124 /usr/sbin/ntpd -p /var/run/ntpd.pid -g -u 117:126 6032 1,908 //bin/dbus-daemon --fork --print-pid 5 --print-address 7 --session 1642 1,780 /usr/sbin/winbindd -F 3460 1,760 qmgr -l -t fifo -u 928 1,728 avahi-daemon: running [cheetah.local] 866 1,704 /usr/sbin/bluetoothd 719 1,700 /sbin/udevd --daemon 9637 1,696 man ps 1627 1,684 nmbd -D 762 1,652 rsyslogd -c5 2850 1,636 /usr/lib/postfix/master 1239 1,608 smbd -F 7599 1,608 pickup -l -t fifo -u -c 6040 1,488 /bin/dbus-daemon --config-file=/etc/at-spi2/accessibility.conf --nofork --print-address 3 1760 1,472 /usr/sbin/dnsmasq --no-resolv --keep-in-foreground --no-hosts --bind-interfaces --pid-file=/var/run/NetworkManager/dnsmasq.pid --listen-address=127.0.1.1 --conf-file=/var/run/NetworkManager/dnsmasq.conf --cache-size=0 --proxy-dnssec --enable-dbus=org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.dnsmasq --conf-dir=/etc/NetworkManager/dnsmasq.d 5399 1,368 /sbin/udevd --daemon 5400 1,368 /sbin/udevd --daemon 1233 1,356 rpc.statd -L 3516 1,308 /usr/lib/rtkit/rtkit-daemon 9648 1,188 pager -s 1719 1,044 cron 1675 976 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty5 1691 976 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty2 1692 972 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty3 1695 972 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty6 3971 972 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty1 1668 968 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty4 1216 964 rpcbind -w 716 900 upstart-udev-bridge --daemon 2893 880 /usr/sbin/dnsmasq -x /var/run/dnsmasq/dnsmasq.pid -u dnsmasq -r /var/run/dnsmasq/resolv.conf -7 /etc/dnsmasq.d,.dpkg-dist,.dpkg-old,.dpkg-new 9663 868 ps -eo pid,rss,args 9311 824 gnome-pty-helper 1703 816 acpid -c /etc/acpi/events -s /var/run/acpid.socket 1737 776 /usr/sbin/irqbalance 3606 760 /usr/sbin/cnid_metad -l log_note 1235 732 upstart-socket-bridge --daemon 763 680 rpc.idmapd 6031 592 /usr/bin/dbus-launch --exit-with-session gnome-session --session=gnome 933 472 avahi-daemon: chroot helper 457 420 upstart-file-bridge --daemon 6028 316 /usr/bin/ssh-agent /usr/bin/dbus-launch --exit-with-session gnome-session --session=gnome 1717 168 atd 2 0 [kthreadd] 3 0 [ksoftirqd/0] 5 0 [kworker/0:0H] 7 0 [kworker/u:0H] 8 0 [migration/0] 9 0 [rcu_bh] 10 0 [rcu_sched] 11 0 [watchdog/0] 12 0 [watchdog/1] 13 0 [migration/1] 14 0 [ksoftirqd/1] 16 0 [kworker/1:0H] 17 0 [watchdog/2] 18 0 [migration/2] 19 0 [ksoftirqd/2] 21 0 [kworker/2:0H] 22 0 [watchdog/3] 23 0 [migration/3] 24 0 [ksoftirqd/3] 26 0 [kworker/3:0H] 27 0 [watchdog/4] 28 0 [migration/4] 29 0 [ksoftirqd/4] 31 0 [kworker/4:0H] 32 0 [watchdog/5] 33 0 [migration/5] 34 0 [ksoftirqd/5] 36 0 [kworker/5:0H] 37 0 [khelper] 38 0 [kdevtmpfs] 39 0 [netns] 40 0 [bdi-default] 41 0 [kintegrityd] 42 0 [kblockd] 43 0 [ata_sff] 44 0 [khubd] 45 0 [md] 46 0 [devfreq_wq] 48 0 [irq/72-AMD-Vi] 49 0 [khungtaskd] 50 0 [kswapd0] 51 0 [ksmd] 52 0 [khugepaged] 53 0 [fsnotify_mark] 54 0 [ecryptfs-kthrea] 55 0 [crypto] 66 0 [kthrotld] 74 0 [binder] 93 0 [deferwq] 94 0 [charger_manager] 198 0 [scsi_eh_0] 204 0 [scsi_eh_1] 205 0 [firewire] 219 0 [kworker/u:3] 220 0 [scsi_eh_2] 239 0 [scsi_eh_3] 251 0 [scsi_eh_4] 255 0 [scsi_eh_5] 259 0 [scsi_eh_6] 260 0 [scsi_eh_7] 269 0 [kworker/u:6] 283 0 [scsi_eh_8] 284 0 [scsi_eh_9] 360 0 [kworker/5:1H] 361 0 [jbd2/sda1-8] 362 0 [ext4-dio-unwrit] 643 0 [xfsalloc] 644 0 [xfs_mru_cache] 645 0 [xfslogd] 646 0 [xfs-data/sdb1] 647 0 [xfs-conv/sdb1] 648 0 [xfs-cil/sdb1] 650 0 [xfsaild/sdb1] 695 0 [xfs-data/sdc1] 696 0 [xfs-conv/sdc1] 697 0 [xfs-cil/sdc1] 698 0 [xfsaild/sdc1] 730 0 [rpciod] 743 0 [nfsiod] 922 0 [krfcommd] 944 0 [kworker/4:1H] 1017 0 [edac-poller] 1029 0 [hd-audio0] 1031 0 [kpsmoused] 1060 0 [kvm-irqfd-clean] 1107 0 [hd-audio1] 1157 0 [kworker/3:1H] 1190 0 [kworker/2:1H] 1198 0 [kworker/1:1H] 1793 0 [kauditd] 1845 0 [flush-8:0] 3569 0 [iprt] 4867 0 [kworker/4:1] 5403 0 [nfsv4.0-svc] 5848 0 [kworker/0:1H] 5935 0 [kworker/2:3] 9274 0 [kworker/5:2] 9527 0 [kworker/5:0] 9630 0 [flush-8:32] 10694 0 [kworker/3:3] 13358 0 [kworker/1:0] 18154 0 [kworker/0:0] 19625 0 [kworker/4:0] 23502 0 [kworker/3:2] 31403 0 [kworker/2:1] 32141 0 [kworker/0:2] 32655 0 [kworker/1:1] 1,939,900
ps报告我所有进程使用的所有驻留内存的总和大约为1.9G。
使用剩余的3.9G的流程是什么？
编辑 ：有关内核内存使用情况的更多信息。 slabtop报告以下内容。
OBJS ACTIVE USE OBJ SIZE SLABS OBJ/SLAB CACHE SIZE NAME 2233988 2233988 100% 0.88K 62057 36 1985824K xfs_inode 735948 714094 97% 0.22K 20443 36 163544K xfs_ili 129280 117946 91% 1.00K 4040 32 129280K nfs_inode_cache 92344 92344 100% 0.93K 2716 34 86912K ext4_inode_cache 292866 292866 100% 0.19K 13946 21 55784K dentry 75096 71346 95% 0.55K 2682 28 42912K radix_tree_node
这是否意味着内核使用几乎2GB来缓存xfs_inodes，在free命令的缓存列中没有报告缓存？
已找到记忆。 它位于xfs_inode缓存中，ps或free都没有报告。 然而， slabtop向我展示了我需要的东西。 这么大的xfs_inode缓存的原因是因为每晚备份。 可以使用以下命令释放内存。
echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
来自http://www.linuxinsight.com/proc_sys_vm_drop_caches.html
要释放pagecache：
echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches要释放dentries和inode：
echo 2 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches要释放pagecache，dentries和inode：
echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
可以在此博客上找到更多信息。
http://serenadetoacuckooo.blogspot.ca/2012/03/linux-memory-tweaks-for-improved.html
我现在必须决定是否要在备份后删除缓存，将vfs_cache_pressure设置为100或者只购买更多内存。