在发行版更新中删除损坏的包（13.04到13.10）
我是linux的新手。 昨晚我尝试从13.04升级到13.10，但我得到了“无法计算”的错误。 我读了这个问题并在主日志中发现了这个错误：Dist-upgrade失败：’E：无法纠正问题，你已经破坏了包裹。
这是我破损包裹的清单：
Broken libwayland-client0:amd64 Conflicts on libwayland0 [ amd64 ] ( libs ) (< 1.1.0) Broken libpam-systemd:amd64 Conflicts on libpam-xdg-support [ amd64 ] ( admin ) Broken cups-filters:amd64 Conflicts on ghostscript-cups [ amd64 ] ( text ) Broken libharfbuzz0a:amd64 Breaks on libharfbuzz0 [ amd64 ] ( libs ) Broken libunity-scopes-json-def-desktop:amd64 Conflicts on libunity-common [ amd64 ] ( gnome ) (< 7.0.7) Broken libunity-scopes-json-def-desktop:amd64 Conflicts on libunity-common [ i386 ] ( none ) (< 7.0.7) Broken libaccount-plugin-generic-oauth:amd64 Conflicts on account-plugin-generic-oauth [ amd64 ] ( gnome ) (< 0.10bzr13.04.30) Broken libaccount-plugin-generic-oauth:amd64 Breaks on account-plugin-generic-oauth [ amd64 ] ( gnome ) (< 0.10bzr13.04.30) Broken python3-aptdaemon.pkcompat:amd64 Breaks on libpackagekit-glib2-14 [ amd64 ] ( libs ) (<= 0.7.6-4) Broken libsnmp-base:amd64 Breaks on libsnmp15 [ amd64 ] ( libs ) (< 5.7.2~dfsg-5) Broken libunity-core-6.0-8:amd64 Conflicts on unity-common [ amd64 ] ( gnome ) Broken python3-uno:amd64 Conflicts on python-uno [ amd64 ] ( python ) Broken unity-scope-home:amd64 Conflicts on unity-lens-shopping [ amd64 ] ( gnome ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-mach64:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken usb-modeswitch-data:amd64 Breaks on usb-modeswitch [ amd64 ] ( comm ) (< 1.2.6) Broken unity-gtk2-module:amd64 Conflicts on appmenu-gtk [ amd64 ] ( libs ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-intel:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-r128:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken unity-gtk3-module:amd64 Conflicts on appmenu-gtk3 [ amd64 ] ( libs ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-nouveau:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-cirrus:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken libbamf3-1:amd64 Depends on bamfdaemon [ amd64 ] 0.5.1+13.10.20131011-0ubuntu1 > ( libs ) (= 0.4.0daily13.06.19~13.04-0ubuntu1) Broken bzr-gtk:amd64 Depends on bzr [ amd64 ] 2.6.0-3ubuntu1 > ( devel ) (< 2.6.0) Broken libgphoto2-6-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libgphoto2-2-dev [ amd64 ] ( libdevel ) Broken activity-log-manager:amd64 Conflicts on activity-log-manager-common [ amd64 ] ( utils ) Broken libgjs0d:amd64 Conflicts on libgjs0c [ amd64 ] ( libs ) Broken libgtksourceview-3.0-0:amd64 Depends on libgtksourceview-3.0-common [ amd64 ] 3.8.2-0ubuntu1 > ( libs ) (< 3.7) Broken gnome-pie:amd64 Depends on libbamf3-1 [ amd64 ] ( libs ) Broken libunity-core-6.0-5:amd64 Depends on unity-services [ amd64 ] 7.1.2+13.10.20131014.1-0ubuntu1 > ( gnome ) (= 7.0.0daily13.06.19~13.04-0ubuntu1) Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-cirrus [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-intel [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-nouveau [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-ati:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-r128 [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-ati:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-mach64 [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-mach64:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-intel:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-r128:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-nouveau:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-cirrus:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-cirrus [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-intel [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-nouveau [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-ati:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-r128 [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-ati:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-mach64 [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-mach64:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-intel:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-r128:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-nouveau:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-cirrus:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-cirrus [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-ati:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-r128 [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-mach64:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-intel:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-r128:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-nouveau:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-cirrus:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-cirrus [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-intel [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-nouveau [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-ati:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-r128 [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-ati:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-mach64 [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-mach64:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-intel:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-r128:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-nouveau:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-cirrus:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-cirrus [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-intel [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-nouveau [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-ati:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-r128 [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-ati:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-mach64 [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-mach64:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-intel:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken libxi6:amd64 Breaks on xserver-xorg-core [ amd64 ] 2:1.14.3-3ubuntu2 > ( x11 ) (< 2:1.14) Broken xserver-xorg-video-ati:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-mach64 [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-intel:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-r128:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-nouveau:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-cirrus:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-ati [ amd64 ] 1:7.2.0-0ubuntu10 > ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-cirrus [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-intel [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-nouveau [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-ati:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-13 [ amd64 ] ( none ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-ati [ amd64 ] 1:7.2.0-0ubuntu10 > ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-cirrus [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-intel [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-nouveau [ amd64 ] ( x11 ) 这就是很多东西……我必须一个一个地删除它们吗？ 会删除它们导致任何问题吗？ 升级后我是否必须逐个安装它们？
编辑：显然它与AMD专有二进制文件有关…我认为
试试这个：
sudo apt-get install ppa-purge sudo ppa-purge xorg-edgers
另见这个 。 它似乎对我有用，我正处于升级过程中。
正如ZiglioNZ所说，你需要做的第一件事是删除xorg-edgers repo：
sudo apt-get install ppa-purge sudo ppa-purge xorg-edgers
我的一台笔记本电脑在此之后工作。 然而，在另一台笔记本电脑上，这似乎没有解决问题。 检查日志文件/var/log/dist-upgrade/main.log我注意到错误没有改变，我仍然看到失败，如：
2013-10-28 14:38:03,043 DEBUG Installing 'xserver-xorg-video-all' (Distro KeepInstalledPkgs rule) 2013-10-28 14:38:03,518 ERROR Dist-upgrade failed: 'E:Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.'
所以我只是卸载了有问题的软件包并再次尝试升级：
sudo apt-get remove xserver-xorg-video-all sudo do-release-upgrade
这次升级能够成功继续。
一旦升级完成，我就有了一个工作系统，但显然没有X驱动程序。 所以我在登录后做的第一件事就是重新添加xorg-edgers ppa并安装必要的驱动程序：
sudo apt-add-repository ppa:xorg-edgers sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade sudo apt-get install nvidia-331