如何找到我的电脑有多少RAM？
我怎么知道我的电脑有多少ram？ 我正在运行Ubuntu 13.04。
如果单击齿轮图标（屏幕右上角），则单击“关于此计算机”。 RAM是计算机名称下面的第二个输入。
编辑
如果你在终端中运行sudo lshw -class memory ，这将为您提供所有可用内存的详细信息。
也很容易使用命令来检查RAM：
free -lm
使用top命令本身或：
top | grep -i mem
类似于top但是更高级的是htop但是必须安装包sudo apt-get install htop然后运行：
htop
将在终端输出内存规模。
vmstat也可以这样做：
vmstat -s -SM
一般来说
请记住 – 本文中的许多解决方案仅显示操作系统检测到的内存量（例如，没有PAE的32位只能看到4GB）
使用dmidecode检测内存插槽和状态
假设您具有sudo权限，则可以使用dmidecode命令检测内存插槽的数量以及现在插入的内存插槽的数量。
用法示例：
sudo dmidecode
甚至更好，仅针对与内存相关的信息进行过滤：
sudo dmidecode -t 17
我案例中的输出：
# dmidecode 3.0 Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs. SMBIOS 2.7 present. Handle 0x002F, DMI type 17, 34 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x002D Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 64 bits Data Width: 64 bits Size: 4096 MB Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: ChannelA_Dimm1 Bank Locator: ChannelA Type: DDR3 Type Detail: Synchronous Speed: 1333 MHz Manufacturer: A-DATA Serial Number: 0000762C Asset Tag: ChannelA_Dimm1_AssetTag Part Number: DDR3 1600G Rank: 2 Configured Clock Speed: 1333 MHz Handle 0x0031, DMI type 17, 34 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x002D Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 72 bits Data Width: 64 bits Size: No Module Installed Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: ChannelA_Dimm2 Bank Locator: ChannelA Type: Unknown Type Detail: Synchronous Speed: Unknown Manufacturer: ChannelA_Dimm2_Manufacturer Serial Number: ChannelA_Dimm2_SerNum Asset Tag: ChannelA_Dimm2_AssetTag Part Number: ChannelA_Dimm2_PartNum Rank: Unknown Configured Clock Speed: Unknown Handle 0x0033, DMI type 17, 34 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x002D Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 64 bits Data Width: 64 bits Size: 4096 MB Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: ChannelB_Dimm1 Bank Locator: ChannelB Type: DDR3 Type Detail: Synchronous Speed: 1333 MHz Manufacturer: A-DATA Serial Number: 000028C3 Asset Tag: ChannelB_Dimm1_AssetTag Part Number: DDR3 1600G Rank: 2 Configured Clock Speed: 1333 MHz Handle 0x0035, DMI type 17, 34 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x002D Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 72 bits Data Width: 64 bits Size: No Module Installed Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: ChannelB_Dimm2 Bank Locator: ChannelB Type: Unknown Type Detail: Synchronous Speed: Unknown Manufacturer: ChannelB_Dimm2_Manufacturer Serial Number: ChannelB_Dimm2_SerNum Asset Tag: ChannelB_Dimm2_AssetTag Part Number: ChannelB_Dimm2_PartNum Rank: Unknown Configured Clock Speed: Unknown Handle 0x0037, DMI type 17, 34 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x002D Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 64 bits Data Width: 64 bits Size: 4096 MB Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: ChannelC_Dimm1 Bank Locator: ChannelC Type: DDR3 Type Detail: Synchronous Speed: 1333 MHz Manufacturer: A-DATA Serial Number: 000028E7 Asset Tag: ChannelC_Dimm1_AssetTag Part Number: DDR3 1600G Rank: 2 Configured Clock Speed: 1333 MHz Handle 0x0039, DMI type 17, 34 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x002D Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 72 bits Data Width: 64 bits Size: No Module Installed Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: ChannelC_Dimm2 Bank Locator: ChannelC Type: Unknown Type Detail: Synchronous Speed: Unknown Manufacturer: ChannelC_Dimm2_Manufacturer Serial Number: ChannelC_Dimm2_SerNum Asset Tag: ChannelC_Dimm2_AssetTag Part Number: ChannelC_Dimm2_PartNum Rank: Unknown Configured Clock Speed: Unknown Handle 0x003B, DMI type 17, 34 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x002D Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 64 bits Data Width: 64 bits Size: 4096 MB Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: ChannelD_Dimm1 Bank Locator: ChannelD Type: DDR3 Type Detail: Synchronous Speed: 1333 MHz Manufacturer: A-DATA Serial Number: 000028F0 Asset Tag: ChannelD_Dimm1_AssetTag Part Number: DDR3 1600G Rank: 2 Configured Clock Speed: 1333 MHz Handle 0x003D, DMI type 17, 34 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x002D Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 72 bits Data Width: 64 bits Size: No Module Installed Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: ChannelD_Dimm2 Bank Locator: ChannelD Type: Unknown Type Detail: Synchronous Speed: Unknown Manufacturer: ChannelD_Dimm2_Manufacturer Serial Number: ChannelD_Dimm2_SerNum Asset Tag: ChannelD_Dimm2_AssetTag Part Number: ChannelD_Dimm2_PartNum Rank: Unknown Configured Clock Speed: Unknown Invalid entry length (16). Fixed up to 11.
输出告诉您大约8个插槽，4个正在使用，每个插槽具有4GB内存。
使用lshw检测内存
假设您具有sudo权限，则可以使用lshw命令检测内存插槽的数量以及现在插入的内存插槽的数量。
用法示例：
lshw
或只是为了获得与内存相关的信息：
lshw -class memory
我案例中的输出：
*-firmware description: BIOS vendor: American Megatrends Inc. physical id: 0 version: 3203 date: 11/26/2012 size: 64KiB capacity: 8128KiB capabilities: pci apm upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect socketedrom edd int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer acpi usb biosbootspecification uefi *-cache:0 description: L1 cache physical id: 5 slot: L1-Cache size: 32KiB capacity: 32KiB capabilities: internal write-back unified configuration: level=1 *-cache:1 description: L2 cache physical id: 6 slot: L2-Cache size: 256KiB capacity: 256KiB capabilities: internal varies unified configuration: level=2 *-cache:2 description: L3 cache physical id: 7 slot: L3-Cache size: 10MiB capacity: 10MiB capabilities: internal varies unified configuration: level=3 *-memory description: System Memory physical id: 2d slot: System board or motherboard size: 16GiB *-bank:0 description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0,8 ns) product: DDR3 1600G vendor: A-DATA physical id: 0 serial: 0000762C slot: ChannelA_Dimm1 size: 4GiB width: 64 bits clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns) *-bank:1 description: DIMM Synchronous [empty] product: ChannelA_Dimm2_PartNum vendor: ChannelA_Dimm2_Manufacturer physical id: 1 serial: ChannelA_Dimm2_SerNum slot: ChannelA_Dimm2 width: 64 bits *-bank:2 description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0,8 ns) product: DDR3 1600G vendor: A-DATA physical id: 2 serial: 000028C3 slot: ChannelB_Dimm1 size: 4GiB width: 64 bits clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns) *-bank:3 description: DIMM Synchronous [empty] product: ChannelB_Dimm2_PartNum vendor: ChannelB_Dimm2_Manufacturer physical id: 3 serial: ChannelB_Dimm2_SerNum slot: ChannelB_Dimm2 width: 64 bits *-bank:4 description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0,8 ns) product: DDR3 1600G vendor: A-DATA physical id: 4 serial: 000028E7 slot: ChannelC_Dimm1 size: 4GiB width: 64 bits clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns) *-bank:5 description: DIMM Synchronous [empty] product: ChannelC_Dimm2_PartNum vendor: ChannelC_Dimm2_Manufacturer physical id: 5 serial: ChannelC_Dimm2_SerNum slot: ChannelC_Dimm2 width: 64 bits *-bank:6 description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0,8 ns) product: DDR3 1600G vendor: A-DATA physical id: 6 serial: 000028F0 slot: ChannelD_Dimm1 size: 4GiB width: 64 bits clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns) *-bank:7 description: DIMM Synchronous [empty] product: ChannelD_Dimm2_PartNum vendor: ChannelD_Dimm2_Manufacturer physical id: 7 serial: ChannelD_Dimm2_SerNum slot: ChannelD_Dimm2 width: 64 bits
使用free显示内存信息
您可以使用free命令获取有关内存的信息。
用法示例：
free
输出：
total used free shared buff/cache available Mem: 16374920 4653296 155360 9349708 11566264 1953928 Swap: 16715772 4060816 12654956
添加-h参数以获得更易读的输出
total used free shared buff/cache available Mem: 15G 4,4G 249M 8,9G 11G 1,9G Swap: 15G 3,9G 12G
如果您想监视内存使用情况，请考虑将watch和free结合使用，如下所示
watch free
这将输出上面看到的正常free输出，但是全部更新2秒（使用watch ）
使用/ proc / meminfo显示内存信息
您也可以使用/proc/meminfo来获取一些内存信息。
例：
cat /proc/meminfo
输出：
MemTotal: 16374920 kB MemFree: 211408 kB MemAvailable: 2036568 kB Buffers: 34856 kB Cached: 11248956 kB SwapCached: 1572 kB Active: 5451788 kB Inactive: 10119984 kB Active(anon): 4508180 kB Inactive(anon): 9133120 kB Active(file): 943608 kB Inactive(file): 986864 kB Unevictable: 13444 kB Mlocked: 13444 kB SwapTotal: 16715772 kB SwapFree: 12654936 kB Dirty: 1016 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 4300076 kB Mapped: 5466584 kB Shmem: 9349796 kB Slab: 309332 kB SReclaimable: 230976 kB SUnreclaim: 78356 kB KernelStack: 17216 kB PageTables: 77140 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 24903232 kB Committed_AS: 28709200 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 0 kB VmallocChunk: 0 kB HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB AnonHugePages: 1863680 kB CmaTotal: 0 kB CmaFree: 0 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB DirectMap4k: 737312 kB DirectMap2M: 14934016 kB DirectMap1G: 1048576 kB
正如@Serg指出的那样，你应该使用awk将输出缩小到最重要的位置
例：
awk '/MemTotal/ || /SwapTotal/' /proc/meminfo
输出：
MemTotal: 16374920 kB SwapTotal: 16715772 kB
使用vmstat显示内存信息
您也可以使用vmstat命令。
例：
vmstat
输出：
procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ------cpu----- rb swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st 3 0 4060888 238300 35576 11506488 0 2 120 55 17 4 18 6 74 2 0
它可以显示更具可读性如下：
vmstat -s -SM
输出：
15991 M total memory 4467 M used memory 5322 M active memory 9837 M inactive memory 253 M free memory 34 M buffer memory 11235 M swap cache 16323 M total swap 3965 M used swap 12358 M free swap 17691507 non-nice user cpu ticks 21078371 nice user cpu ticks 13384959 system cpu ticks 161496078 idle cpu ticks 4951342 IO-wait cpu ticks 0 IRQ cpu ticks 40582 softirq cpu ticks 0 stolen cpu ticks 263184336 pages paged in 119297582 pages paged out 1824 pages swapped in 1018199 pages swapped out 1111772384 interrupts 2371898713 CPU context switches 1473060064 boot time 1983609 forks
监控ram使用情况
有几种工具可以帮助监控RAM /内存使用情况。 我会在这里说出一些名字
top和htop都是不断更新当前内存使用情况的工具。
使用smem
smem报告使用共享内存分为prportionally。
示例（已排序）：
smem -r
输出：
7948 USERNAME /usr/lib/firefox/firefox 0 975580 997022 1027100 23748 USERNAME /usr/bin/perl /usr/bin/shut 0 456392 459957 472116 16341 USERNAME /opt/google/chrome/chrome - 0 401220 405063 419520 22977 USERNAME /home/fpoeck/.dropbox-dist/ 0 240332 240487 245712 23751 USERNAME /usr/bin/python /usr/share/ 0 204524 205538 214656 32449 USERNAME /usr/lib/thunderbird/thunde 0 191124 191657 200892 13531 USERNAME /opt/atom/atom --type=rende 0 124740 131853 144340
检查的好方法是引用/proc/meminfo文件。 大多数工具，如free，top，htop都使用该文件。
那里有很多行显示不同的统计数据，但是使用AWK，我们可以过滤掉总数。 MemTotal行将显示RAM。 作为奖励，我也包括了总掉期。
$ awk '/MemTotal/ || /SwapTotal/' /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 1789444 kB SwapTotal: 524284 k
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打开系统设置 。
-
单击面板底部的“ 详细信息 ”。
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您将看到有关PC的详细信息（例如RAM）。
我喜欢sudo dmidecode -t 17给出的输出。 以下是我对机器的说法：
# dmidecode 2.12 # SMBIOS entry point at 0x000f0480 SMBIOS 2.7 present. Handle 0x0009, DMI type 17, 34 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x0007 Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 64 bits Data Width: 64 bits Size: 4096 MB Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: A1_DIMM0 Bank Locator: A1_BANK0 Type: DDR3 Type Detail: Synchronous Speed: 1333 MHz Manufacturer: Undefined Serial Number: 000001D2 Asset Tag: A1_AssetTagNum0 Part Number: SLA302G08-EDJ1C Rank: 2 Configured Clock Speed: Unknown Handle 0x000D, DMI type 17, 34 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x0007 Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 64 bits Data Width: 64 bits Size: 4096 MB Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: A1_DIMM2 Bank Locator: A1_BANK2 Type: DDR3 Type Detail: Synchronous Speed: 1333 MHz Manufacturer: Undefined Serial Number: 0000017F Asset Tag: A1_AssetTagNum2 Part Number: SLA302G08-EDJ1C Rank: 2 Configured Clock Speed: 2 MHz
我喜欢这样的事实：它为您提供了一个简单的人类可读的描述，每个插槽中有多少RAM – 2 x Size: 4096 MB （因此我总共有8GB RAM）。 并且它按插槽分解，因此您可以更多地了解升级选项的含义。
dmidecode （ 手册页 ）告诉您系统的硬件。 通过“Memory Device”类型指定-t 17filter。
打开终端： Ctrl + Alt + T.
然后键入： sudo lshw
请试试：
free -h
输出将是这样的：
total used free shared buff/cache available Mem: 62G 49G 387M 723M 13G 12G Swap: 0B 0B 0B