无法安装’openjdk-9-jdk’,因为它试图覆盖’openjdk-9-jdk-headless’中包含的文件’

我正在运行Ubuntu 16.04 Xenial桌面,64位,并且想要安装openjdk-9-jdk (Java 9开发工具包)。 universe存储库中提供的版本为9~b114-0ubuntu1

运行安装命令成功安装依赖项(见下文,包括软件包openjdk-9-jdk-headless ),但由于所述依赖项提供的文件也存在于有问题的软件包中,因此无法安装所请求的软件包本身:

 dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/openjdk-9-jdk_9~b114-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb (--unpack): trying to overwrite '/usr/lib/jvm/java-9-openjdk-amd64/include/linux/jawt_md.h', which is also in package openjdk-9-jdk-headless:amd64 9~b114-0ubuntu1 

这是完整的输出:

 $ sudo apt install openjdk-9-jdk Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following additional packages will be installed: ca-certificates-java libice-dev libpthread-stubs0-dev libsm-dev libx11-dev libx11-doc libxau-dev libxcb1-dev libxdmcp-dev libxt-dev openjdk-9-jdk-headless openjdk-9-jre openjdk-9-jre-headless x11proto-core-dev x11proto-input-dev x11proto-kb-dev xorg-sgml-doctools xtrans-dev Suggested packages: libice-doc libsm-doc libxcb-doc libxt-doc openjdk-9-demo openjdk-9-source visualvm icedtea-8-plugin fonts-ipafont-gothic fonts-ipafont-mincho ttf-wqy-microhei | ttf-wqy-zenhei fonts-indic The following NEW packages will be installed ca-certificates-java libice-dev libpthread-stubs0-dev libsm-dev libx11-dev libx11-doc libxau-dev libxcb1-dev libxdmcp-dev libxt-dev openjdk-9-jdk openjdk-9-jdk-headless openjdk-9-jre openjdk-9-jre-headless x11proto-core-dev x11proto-input-dev x11proto-kb-dev xorg-sgml-doctools xtrans-dev 0 to upgrade, 19 to newly install, 0 to remove and 0 not to upgrade. Need to get 183 MB/187 MB of archives. After this operation, 326 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Get:1 http://ftp.uni-stuttgart.de/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 ca-certificates-java all 20160321 [12,9 kB] Get:2 http://ftp.uni-stuttgart.de/ubuntu xenial/universe amd64 openjdk-9-jre-headless amd64 9~b114-0ubuntu1 [183 MB] Get:3 http://ftp.uni-stuttgart.de/ubuntu xenial/universe amd64 openjdk-9-jre amd64 9~b114-0ubuntu1 [51,5 kB] Fetched 183 MB in 2min 21s (1.293 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package ca-certificates-java. (Reading database ... 210101 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../ca-certificates-java_20160321_all.deb ... Unpacking ca-certificates-java (20160321) ... Selecting previously unselected package openjdk-9-jre-headless:amd64. Preparing to unpack .../openjdk-9-jre-headless_9~b114-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking openjdk-9-jre-headless:amd64 (9~b114-0ubuntu1) ... Selecting previously unselected package xorg-sgml-doctools. Preparing to unpack .../xorg-sgml-doctools_1%3a1.11-1_all.deb ... Unpacking xorg-sgml-doctools (1:1.11-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package x11proto-core-dev. Preparing to unpack .../x11proto-core-dev_7.0.28-2ubuntu1_all.deb ... Unpacking x11proto-core-dev (7.0.28-2ubuntu1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libice-dev:amd64. Preparing to unpack .../libice-dev_2%3a1.0.9-1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libice-dev:amd64 (2:1.0.9-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libpthread-stubs0-dev:amd64. Preparing to unpack .../libpthread-stubs0-dev_0.3-4_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libpthread-stubs0-dev:amd64 (0.3-4) ... Selecting previously unselected package libsm-dev:amd64. Preparing to unpack .../libsm-dev_2%3a1.2.2-1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libsm-dev:amd64 (2:1.2.2-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libxau-dev:amd64. Preparing to unpack .../libxau-dev_1%3a1.0.8-1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libxau-dev:amd64 (1:1.0.8-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libxdmcp-dev:amd64. Preparing to unpack .../libxdmcp-dev_1%3a1.1.2-1.1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libxdmcp-dev:amd64 (1:1.1.2-1.1) ... Selecting previously unselected package x11proto-input-dev. Preparing to unpack .../x11proto-input-dev_2.3.1-1_all.deb ... Unpacking x11proto-input-dev (2.3.1-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package x11proto-kb-dev. Preparing to unpack .../x11proto-kb-dev_1.0.7-0ubuntu1_all.deb ... Unpacking x11proto-kb-dev (1.0.7-0ubuntu1) ... Selecting previously unselected package xtrans-dev. Preparing to unpack .../xtrans-dev_1.3.5-1_all.deb ... Unpacking xtrans-dev (1.3.5-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libxcb1-dev:amd64. Preparing to unpack .../libxcb1-dev_1.11.1-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libxcb1-dev:amd64 (1.11.1-1ubuntu1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libx11-dev:amd64. Preparing to unpack .../libx11-dev_2%3a1.6.3-1ubuntu2_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libx11-dev:amd64 (2:1.6.3-1ubuntu2) ... Selecting previously unselected package libx11-doc. Preparing to unpack .../libx11-doc_2%3a1.6.3-1ubuntu2_all.deb ... Unpacking libx11-doc (2:1.6.3-1ubuntu2) ... Selecting previously unselected package libxt-dev:amd64. Preparing to unpack .../libxt-dev_1%3a1.1.5-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libxt-dev:amd64 (1:1.1.5-0ubuntu1) ... Selecting previously unselected package openjdk-9-jre:amd64. Preparing to unpack .../openjdk-9-jre_9~b114-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking openjdk-9-jre:amd64 (9~b114-0ubuntu1) ... Selecting previously unselected package openjdk-9-jdk-headless:amd64. Preparing to unpack .../openjdk-9-jdk-headless_9~b114-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking openjdk-9-jdk-headless:amd64 (9~b114-0ubuntu1) ... Preparing to unpack .../openjdk-9-jdk_9~b114-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking openjdk-9-jdk:amd64 (9~b114-0ubuntu1) ... dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/openjdk-9-jdk_9~b114-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb (--unpack): trying to overwrite '/usr/lib/jvm/java-9-openjdk-amd64/include/linux/jawt_md.h', which is also in package openjdk-9-jdk-headless:amd64 9~b114-0ubuntu1 Processing triggers for ca-certificates (20160104ubuntu1) ... Updating certificates in /etc/ssl/certs... 0 added, 0 removed; done. Running hooks in /etc/ca-certificates/update.d... done. Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ... Processing triggers for gnome-menus (3.13.3-6ubuntu3) ... Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.22-1ubuntu5) ... Processing triggers for bamfdaemon (0.5.3~bzr0+16.04.20160415-0ubuntu1) ... Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf-2.index... Processing triggers for mime-support (3.59ubuntu1) ... Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme (0.15-0ubuntu1) ... Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/openjdk-9-jdk_9~b114-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) 

所以很明显这似乎是一个错误,由不正确的包装引起,而不是我身边的错。 在Launchpad上也有一些相关的错误报告,比如这个报告似乎是最重要的报告 。 我订阅了那份报告,但目前还没有针对Xenial的解决方案。

因此我的问题不是关于这个包装错误 ,而是如何解决这个问题并安装openjdk-9-jdk无论如何,忽略“试图覆盖文件”错误?

你可以直接做sudo apt-get -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-overwrite" install openjdk-9-jdk 。 如果您在这里,您已经尝试了没有-o Dpkg::Options::="--force-overwrite"并且您知道哪些文件将被静默覆盖。

我可以通过在使用dpkg安装.deb软件包时强制文件覆盖来自行解决错误。

这是我的解决方法,在Ubuntu 16.04 Xenial上安装openjdk-9-jdk (未在其他版本上测试),尽管有关不覆盖其依赖项openjdk-9-jdk-headless提供的文件的错误消息:

  1. 通常尝试安装openjdk-9-jdk软件包,最好使用软件包管理器apt

     sudo apt install openjdk-9-jdk 

    这将安装其所有依赖项,并下载二进制包文件。 它现在应该存储在/var/cache/apt/archives/openjdk-9-jdk_9~b114-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb ,但是如果你有不同的版本,文件名的后半部分可能会有所不同。

    请注意, 我们希望此单个命令失败,并显示问题中描述的错误消息 。 忽略错误,我们将在接下来的步骤中处理这个问题。

  2. 依赖包尚未完全配置,因为openjdk-9-jdk的安装失败并被中止。 我们现在必须手动执行此操作,只需触发所有尚未配置的软件包的配置:

     sudo dpkg --configure -a 
  3. 最后我们安装了openjdk-9-jdk包。 因此,我们使用在步骤1中获得的已下载和缓存的二进制包文件。我们必须添加--force-overwrite标志,以使包管理器忽略我们提供的双重文件并静静地覆盖它。

     sudo dpkg -i --force-overwrite '/var/cache/apt/archives/openjdk-9-jdk_9~b114-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb' 

    如果你有不同的版本,你可能需要调整文件名,或者只使用tab-completion输入文件名:输入文件名后直到下划线按Tab键...openjdk-9-jdk_ )它应该自动填充正确的文件名。