如何在ubuntu 14.04.3LTS 64位上修复安装wine

我知道有很多关于wine的问题，但我无法找到或解决问题。 有人可以帮我修一下关于Wine的安装吗。

以下是尝试修复时的命令输出：

1. sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386

   sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

    Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Calculating upgrade... Done 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. 

2. sudo apt-get update

3. sudo apt-get install wine

    Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following information may help to resolve the situation: The following packages have unmet dependencies: wine : Depends: wine1.6 but it is not going to be installed or wine1.7 but it is not going to be installed E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages. 

4. sudo apt-get install wine1.6

    Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following information may help to resolve the situation: The following packages have unmet dependencies: wine1.6 : Depends: wine1.6-i386 (= 1:1.6.2-0ubuntu4) E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages. 

5. sudo apt-get install wine1.6:i386

    Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following information may help to resolve the situation: The following packages have unmet dependencies: wine1.6:i386 : Depends: wine1.6-i386:i386 (= 1:1.6.2-0ubuntu4) Recommends: winbind:i386 but it is not going to be installed E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages. 

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我也尝试过：

• 由于“哈希和不匹配”错误导致无法下载包列表
• 如何修复重复的sources.list条目？

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• 更新1

  修复了所有sudo apt-get update错误
  但仍然不能sudo apt-get install wine

• 更新2

  正如@Sneetsher向我提到的那样。

  最后一个命令的输出，与步骤3的输出相同

• 更新3

  每个@AB请求。

  uname -a

   Linux bad 3.19.0-33-generic #38~14.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Fri Nov 6 18:17:28 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux 

  lsb_release -a

   No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description: Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS Release: 14.04 Codename: trusty 

  apt-cache policy wine wine1.6 wine1.7

   wine: Installed: (none) Candidate: 1:1.7.55-0ubuntu1 Version table: 1:1.7.55-0ubuntu1 0 500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-wine/ppa/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages 1:1.6.2-0ubuntu4 0 500 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe amd64 Packages wine1.6: Installed: (none) Candidate: 1:1.6.2-0ubuntu4 Version table: 1:1.6.2-0ubuntu4 0 500 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe amd64 Packages wine1.7: Installed: (none) Candidate: 1:1.7.55-0ubuntu1 Version table: 1:1.7.55-0ubuntu1 0 500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-wine/ppa/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages 

• 更新4

  按@Sneetsher请求。

   apt-cache policy acl adduser apt apt-utils aspell aspell-en at-spi2-core base-passwd binfmt-support busybox-initramfs ca-certificates cabextract colord coreutils cpio cpp cpp-4.8 cups-bsd cups-client cups-common dbus dconf-gsettings-backend dconf-service debconf debconf-i18n debianutils dh-python dictionaries-common dpkg e2fslibs e2fsprogs enchant file findutils fontconfig fontconfig-config fonts-dejavu-core fonts-droid fonts-horai-umefont fonts-liberation fonts-unfonts-core fonts-wqy-microhei gcc-4.8-base gcc-4.9-base ghostscript glib-networking glib-networking-common glib-networking-services gnome-exe-thumbnailer gnupg gpgv gsettings-desktop-schemas gsfonts gstreamer1.0-plugins-base gstreamer1.0-plugins-good gstreamer1.0-x hicolor-icon-theme hunspell-en-us icoutils ifupdown imagemagick imagemagick-common init-system-helpers initramfs-tools initramfs-tools-bin initscripts insserv iproute2 isc-dhcp-client isc-dhcp-common iso-codes klibc-utils kmod krb5-locales libaa1 libacl1 libapparmor1 libapt-inst1.5 libapt-pkg4.12 libarchive-extract-perl libasn1-8-heimdal libasound2 libasound2-data libasound2-plugins libaspell15 libasyncns0 libatk-bridge2.0-0 libatk1.0-0 libatk1.0-data libatspi2.0-0 libattr1 libaudit-common libaudit1 libauthen-sasl-perl libavahi-client3 libavahi-common-data libavahi-common3 libavc1394-0 libblkid1 libbsd0 libbz2-1.0 libc6 libcaca0 libcairo-gobject2 libcairo2 libcanberra-gtk3-0 libcanberra-gtk3-module libcanberra0 libcap2 libcapi20-3 libcdparanoia0 libcgmanager0 libcloog-isl4 libcolord1 libcolorhug1 libcomerr2 libcroco3 libcups2 libcupsfilters1 libcupsimage2 libdatrie1 libdb5.3 libdbus-1-3 libdbus-glib-1-2 libdconf1 libdebconfclient0 libdjvulibre-text libdjvulibre21 libdrm-intel1 libdrm-nouveau2 libdrm-radeon1 libdrm2 libdv4 libelf1 libenchant1c2a libencode-locale-perl libexif12 libexpat1 libffi6 libfftw3-double3 libfile-basedir-perl libfile-copy-recursive-perl libfile-desktopentry-perl libfile-listing-perl libfile-mimeinfo-perl libflac8 libfont-afm-perl libfontconfig1 libfontenc1 libfreetype6 libgcc1 libgcrypt11 libgd3 libgdbm3 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-common libgeoclue0 libgif4 libgl1-mesa-dri libgl1-mesa-glx libglapi-mesa libglib2.0-0 libglib2.0-data libglu1-mesa libgmp10 libgnutls26 libgomp1 libgpg-error0 libgphoto2-6 libgphoto2-l10n libgphoto2-port10 libgpm2 libgraphite2-3 libgs9 libgs9-common libgssapi-krb5-2 libgssapi3-heimdal libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0 libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-0 libgstreamer-plugins-good1.0-0 libgstreamer0.10-0 libgstreamer1.0-0 libgtk-3-0 libgtk-3-bin libgtk-3-common libgudev-1.0-0 libgusb2 libharfbuzz-icu0 libharfbuzz0b libhcrypto4-heimdal libheimbase1-heimdal libheimntlm0-heimdal libhtml-form-perl libhtml-format-perl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl libhttp-cookies-perl libhttp-daemon-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libhttp-negotiate-perl libhunspell-1.3-0 libhx509-5-heimdal libice6 libicu52 libidn11 libiec61883-0 libieee1284-3 libijs-0.35 libilmbase6 libio-html-perl libio-socket-inet6-perl libio-socket-ssl-perl libisl10 libjack-jackd2-0 libjasper1 libjavascriptcoregtk-3.0-0 libjbig0 libjbig2dec0 libjpeg-turbo8 libjpeg8 libjson-c2 libjson0 libk5crypto3 libkeyutils1 libklibc libkmod2 libkrb5-26-heimdal libkrb5-3 libkrb5support0 liblcms2-2 libldap-2.4-2 libldb1 libllvm3.4 liblocale-gettext-perl liblog-message-simple-perl liblqr-1-0 libltdl7 liblwp-mediatypes-perl liblwp-protocol-https-perl liblzma5 libmagic1 libmagickcore5 libmagickcore5-extra libmagickwand5 libmailtools-perl libmodule-pluggable-perl libmount1 libmpc3 libmpdec2 libmpfr4 libmpg123-0 libncurses5 libncursesw5 libnet-http-perl libnet-libidn-perl libnet-smtp-ssl-perl libnet-ssleay-perl libnetpbm10 libnih-dbus1 libnih1 libnotify4 libntdb1 libodbc1 libogg0 libopenal-data libopenal1 libopenexr6 liborc-0.4-0 libosmesa6 libp11-kit0 libpam-modules libpam-modules-bin libpam-runtime libpam-systemd libpam0g libpango-1.0-0 libpangocairo-1.0-0 libpangoft2-1.0-0 libpaper-utils libpaper1 libpcap0.8 libpciaccess0 libpcre3 libpipeline1 libpixman-1-0 libplymouth2 libpng12-0 libpod-latex-perl libpolkit-agent-1-0 libpolkit-backend-1-0 libpolkit-gobject-1-0 libpopt0 libprocps3 libproxy1 libpulse0 libpython-stdlib libpython2.7 libpython2.7-minimal libpython2.7-stdlib libpython3-stdlib libpython3.4-minimal libpython3.4-stdlib libraw1394-11 libreadline6 libroken18-heimdal librsvg2-2 librsvg2-common libsamplerate0 libsane libsane-common libsasl2-2 libsasl2-modules libsasl2-modules-db libsecret-1-0 libsecret-common libselinux1 libsemanage-common libsemanage1 libsepol1 libshout3 libslang2 libsm6 libsmbclient libsndfile1 libsocket6-perl libsoup2.4-1 libspeex1 libspeexdsp1 libsqlite3-0 libss2 libssl1.0.0 libstdc++6 libsystemd-daemon0 libsystemd-login0 libtag1-vanilla libtag1c2a libtalloc2 libtasn1-6 libtdb1 libterm-ui-perl libtevent0 libtext-charwidth-perl libtext-iconv-perl libtext-soundex-perl libtext-wrapi18n-perl libthai-data libthai0 libtheora0 libtiff5 libtimedate-perl libtinfo5 libtxc-dxtn-s2tc0 libudev1 liburi-perl libusb-0.1-4 libusb-1.0-0 libustr-1.0-1 libuuid1 libv4l-0 libv4lconvert0 libvisual-0.4-0 libvisual-0.4-plugins libvorbis0a libvorbisenc2 libvorbisfile3 libvpx1 libwavpack1 libwayland-client0 libwayland-cursor0 libwbclient0 libwebkitgtk-3.0-0 libwebkitgtk-3.0-common libwebp5 libwind0-heimdal libwmf0.2-7 libwrap0 libwww-perl libwww-robotrules-perl libx11-6 libx11-data libx11-xcb1 libxau6 libxaw7 libxcb-dri2-0 libxcb-dri3-0 libxcb-glx0 libxcb-present0 libxcb-render0 libxcb-shape0 libxcb-shm0 libxcb-sync1 libxcb1 libxcomposite1 libxcursor1 libxdamage1 libxdmcp6 libxext6 libxfixes3 libxfont1 libxft2 libxi6 libxinerama1 libxkbcommon0 libxml2 libxmu6 libxmuu1 libxpm4 libxrandr2 libxrender1 libxshmfence1 libxslt1.1 libxt6 libxtables10 libxtst6 libxv1 libxxf86dga1 libxxf86vm1 lsb-base lsb-release makedev mime-support module-init-tools mount mountall multiarch-support netbase netpbm notification-daemon ocl-icd-libopencl1 odbcinst odbcinst1debian2 openssl p11-kit-modules p7zip passwd patch perl perl-base perl-modules plymouth plymouth-theme-ubuntu-text policykit-1 poppler-data procps psmisc python python-apt python-apt-common python-chardet python-crypto python-debian python-ldb python-minimal python-ntdb python-samba python-six python-talloc python-tdb python2.7 python2.7-minimal python3 python3-apt python3-minimal python3.4 python3.4-minimal readline-common samba-common samba-common-bin samba-libs sed sensible-utils sgml-base shared-mime-info smbclient sound-theme-freedesktop sudo systemd-services systemd-shim sysv-rc sysvinit-utils tar tcpd ttf-mscorefonts-installer ttf-wqy-microhei tzdata ubuntu-keyring ucf udev unixodbc unzip update-inetd update-notifier-common upstart util-linux uuid-runtime wget wine-gecko2.34 wine-mono4.5.4 wine1.7 wine1.7-amd64 wine1.7-i386 winetricks x11-common x11-utils x11-xserver-utils xdg-utils xfonts-encodings xfonts-utils xkb-data xml-core xz-utils zenity zenity-common zip zlib1g 

  完整输出已上传到此处 。

• 更新5

  按照Sneetsher的建议，我可以安装葡萄酒。 我仍然无法使用wine运行.exe文件。 以下屏幕截图：

  wine ~/.wine/drive_c/windows/notepad.exe是首页。 底部的两个窗口都是通过单击它来为OLLYDBG.EXE 。

  我无法通过记事本进行任何编辑。

  

   $ wine --version wine-1.6.2 $ which wine /usr/local/bin/wine 

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请告诉我如果必须提供更多信息。

Answer 1

这将是上述评论和相关聊天室中的试验的简历。

我们尝试了什么没有成功：

• 启用i386架构sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386 ，因为Wine需要32位存储库中的许多依赖项。
• OP创建了新的sources.list ，启用了所有组件。
• 禁用所有PPA（使用grep -r "^deb" /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ ）
• aptitude提供了许多解决方案但是所有人都试图删除大多数已安装的桌面软件包（> 200个软件包），或者在不安装Wine的情况下保持原样。
• 安装1.6代替1.7 sudo apt-get install wine=1:1.6.2-0ubuntu4 ，相同的未解析依赖项消息。

• 使用apt-get install跟踪冲突，然后获得分支。

   The following packages have unmet dependencies: libglu1-mesa:i386 : Depends: libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 or libgl1:i386 E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages. 

  以这种方式搜索冲突是不切实际的，浪费精力和时间。

所以我们正在寻找的可能是一个远（非直接）依赖包：

• 不适用于官方存储库+ Wine PPA。

• 或安装但有一个版本不是官方存储库+葡萄酒PPA。

  （即安装版本高于存储库提供的版本apt-get ＆ aptitude不提供降级某些软件包的解决方案）

以下是恢复的步骤：

1. 加回葡萄酒PPA

2. 我在我的机器上安装了debfoster ，同时发布了OP的系统（14.04）。 生成wine的所有递归依赖项的列表：

    debfoster -d wine 

   （为什么会这样？OP无法在他的机器上运行，因为像apt-cache这样的debfoster只适用于已安装的软件包）

3. 要求OP为前一步骤中生成的列表提供apt-cache policy ...的输出。 （问题中的更新4）

4. 然后存储以前的输出并对其进行过滤以便于查看：

    grep -e "^[a-zA-Z]" -e "^[ ]*\*\*\*" -e "^[ ]*[1-9]00" -e "^[* ]*[0-9][0-9a-zA-Z:+_~.-]* 0" wine_policy_output.txt 

5. 找到这些包：

    libdrm-intel1: *** 2.4.65+git20151026.c745e541-0ubuntu0ricotz~trusty 0 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status 2.4.60-2~ubuntu14.04.1 0 500 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages 2.4.56-1~ubuntu2 0 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main amd64 Packages 2.4.52-1 0 500 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages libdrm-nouveau2: *** 2.4.65+git20151026.c745e541-0ubuntu0ricotz~trusty 0 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status 2.4.60-2~ubuntu14.04.1 0 500 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages 2.4.56-1~ubuntu2 0 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main amd64 Packages 2.4.52-1 0 500 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages libdrm-radeon1: *** 2.4.65+git20151026.c745e541-0ubuntu0ricotz~trusty 0 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status 2.4.60-2~ubuntu14.04.1 0 500 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages 2.4.56-1~ubuntu2 0 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main amd64 Packages 2.4.52-1 0 500 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages libdrm2: *** 2.4.65+git20151026.c745e541-0ubuntu0ricotz~trusty 0 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status 2.4.60-2~ubuntu14.04.1 0 500 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages 2.4.56-1~ubuntu2 0 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main amd64 Packages 2.4.52-1 0 500 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages libwayland-client0: *** 1.7.0-0ubuntu1~trusty1 0 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status 1.4.0-1ubuntu1 0 500 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages libwayland-cursor0: *** 1.7.0-0ubuntu1~trusty1 0 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status 1.4.0-1ubuntu1 0 500 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages 

   这些似乎来自“xorg-edgers fresh X crack” 。 将它们降级到存储库中可用的版本：

    sudo apt-get install \ libdrm2=2.4.60-2~ubuntu14.04.1 \ libdrm-intel1=2.4.60-2~ubuntu14.04.1 \ libdrm-nouveau2=2.4.60-2~ubuntu14.04.1 \ libdrm-radeon1=2.4.60-2~ubuntu14.04.1 \ libwayland-client0=1.4.0-1ubuntu1 \ libwayland-cursor0=1.4.0-1ubuntu1 

6. 仍然无法安装葡萄酒，我们寻找任何其他可疑的包：

    libcgmanager0: *** 0.39-2ubuntu2~ubuntu14.04.1 0 100 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports/main amd64 Packages 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status 0.24-0ubuntu7.5 0 500 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages 0.24-0ubuntu7.1 0 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main amd64 Packages 0.24-0ubuntu5 0 500 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages 

   这一个：第一点，它来自后端。 第二点，当前版本0.39与稳定回购中的0.24相差太远。 降级它：

    sudo apt-get install libcgmanager0=0.24-0ubuntu7.5 

7. 现在， wine装置顺利通过

    sudo aptitude install wine 

关于渲染问题，窗口是灰色的。 正如它似乎从wine --version 1.6，但我们已经安装了1.7＆ which wine带来了该系统从源头安装了本地版本的葡萄酒。

尝试echo $PATH ，你有一些像：

 /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games 

请参阅变量PATH，它是系统查找可执行文件的位置。 所以只用wine写一下wine ，它会在/usr/local/sbin文件夹中查找，如果找不到/usr/local/bin那么/usr/sbin然后是/usr/bin …

快速修复，删除当地的葡萄酒副本：

 sudo rm /usr/local/bin/wine* 

如果你想保留它，你可以用完整的路径运行葡萄酒：

 /usr/bin/wine ... 

更新：

我可以在新的Ubuntu 14.04安装上重现相同的问题。 我确认唯一令人不安的包是libcgmanager0版本0.39-2ubuntu2~ubuntu14.04.1 ，我不知道它是如何安装的。

来自“xorg-edgers fresh X crack” PPA的软件包很干净，我建议将它们降级为一个隔离问题的程序。

参考文献：

• 如何以递归方式列出apt软件包与其已安装版本的依赖关系？

Answer 2

“按照Sneetsher的建议我可以安装葡萄酒。我仍然无法使用葡萄酒运行> .exe文件。”

右键单击exe文件并选择属性。 然后在权限选项卡中选中“允许作为程序执行”或打开终端窗口并{chmod + x /path/to/file/file.exe }

Answer 3

使用aptitude而不是apt-get。 它更聪明。 它不仅会为您处理降级冲突的软件包，还会提出一系列建议，询问您想要的许多可能建议的工作方案。

 sudo aptitude install myNewPackage 

如果你的机器上还没有aptitude，那就搞定吧

 sudo apt-get install aptitude 

Answer 4

下一个解决方案对我有用：

 dpkg --add-architecture i386 add-apt-repository ppa:wine/wine-builds apt-get update apt-get install --install-recommends wine 

在根下传递上面的命令

在这里找到它： https ： //wiki.winehq.org/Ubuntu

Answer 5

打开软件和更新，然后在“ 其他软件”选项卡下

• 启用Canonical Partner Repository。

在“ 更新”选项卡启用下，

• 推荐更新
• 不支持的更新

选择“关闭”和“重新加载”

最好一个接一个地勾选未经检查的存储库。 然后“关闭”，“重新加载”，然后执行sudo apt-get install wine

因此，您可以确切地找到您缺少的存储库。

Answer 6

试试这个：

  sudo -i sudo apt-get update --fix-missing sudo apt-get install wine1.6 

当它出现在白色床单屏幕时按下输入，这样可能会很好。