分析引导失败：帮助我解释smartctl结果
上下文：我一直在启动单个操作系统Ubuntu机器时出现问题，当我启动笔记本电脑时，我不断收到错误，例如： Checking Media - failed ， Failure reading sector 0x... from 'hd0' ， error: environment block too small Error: attempt to read or write outside disk 'hd0' ，依此类推。 操作系统启动时我可以使用笔记本电脑，经过一段时间操作系统阻塞（可能是我使用Chrome）并崩溃时出现了错误：从终端执行sudo会导致bash: /usr/bin/sudo: Input/output error或触摸板停止工作，图标消失。 或者我得到一个黑屏：
EXT4-fs error (device sda2): ext4_find_entry:1450: inode #20185358: comm systemd-logind: reading directory lblock 0 EXT4-fs error (device sda2): ext4_find_entry:1450: inode #20185828: comm NetworkManager: reading directory lblock 0 EXT4-fs error (device sda2): ext4_find_entry:1450: inode #20185089: comm NetworkManager: reading directory lblock 0 EXT4-fs error (device sda2): ext4_find_entry:1450: inode #24641537: comm acpid: reading directory lblock 0 EXT4-fs error (device sda2): ext4_find_entry:1450: inode #...: comm (tmpfiles): reading directory lblock 0
我的系统：戴尔Inspiron 15R-5521，Hdd 1TB SATA3 5200 RPM，i7,8 GB RAM，Ubuntu 16（与Linux Mint或Ubuntu Mate相同）
我试图看看它是硬盘驱动器问题还是主板上烧坏的东西。
问题：我在硬盘上运行了smartctl -a 。 你能帮我解释一下这些结果吗？
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo smartctl -a /dev/sdc1 smartctl 6.5 2016-01-24 r4214 [x86_64-linux-4.8.0-36-generic] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Model Family: Seagate Samsung SpinPoint M8 (AF) Device Model: ST1000LM024 HN-M101MBB Serial Number: S2WZJ90CB67655 LU WWN Device Id: 5 0004cf 208e1e1da Firmware Version: 2AR20003 User Capacity: 1,000,204,886,016 bytes [1.00 TB] Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical Rotation Rate: 5400 rpm Form Factor: 2.5 inches Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show] ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 6 SATA Version is: SATA 3.0, 3.0 Gb/s (current: 1.5 Gb/s) Local Time is: Mon Jul 31 17:40:33 2017 UTC SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability. SMART support is: Enabled === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED General SMART Values: Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity was never started. Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled. Self-test execution status: ( 41) The self-test routine was interrupted by the host with a hard or soft reset. Total time to complete Offline data collection: (13800) seconds. Offline data collection capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate. Auto Offline data collection on/off support. Suspend Offline collection upon new command. Offline surface scan supported. Self-test supported. No Conveyance Self-test supported. Selective Self-test supported. SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering power-saving mode. Supports SMART auto save timer. Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported. General Purpose Logging supported. Short self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes. Extended self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 230) minutes. SCT capabilities: (0x003f) SCT Status supported. SCT Error Recovery Control supported. SCT Feature Control supported. SCT Data Table supported. SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16 Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 100 100 051 Pre-fail Always - 1 2 Throughput_Performance 0x0026 055 055 000 Old_age Always - 12701 3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0023 089 089 025 Pre-fail Always - 3467 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 094 094 000 Old_age Always - 6394 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 252 252 010 Pre-fail Always - 0 7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x002e 252 252 051 Old_age Always - 0 8 Seek_Time_Performance 0x0024 252 252 015 Old_age Offline - 0 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 3754 10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0032 252 252 051 Old_age Always - 0 11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 88 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 094 094 000 Old_age Always - 6386 13 Read_Soft_Error_Rate 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 181 Program_Fail_Cnt_Total 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 259891 191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 40 192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0022 252 252 000 Old_age Always - 0 193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 096 096 000 Old_age Always - 40881 194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0002 064 053 000 Old_age Always - 34 (Min/Max 14/47) 195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 252 252 000 Old_age Always - 0 197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 252 252 000 Old_age Always - 0 198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 252 252 000 Old_age Offline - 0 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0036 098 098 000 Old_age Always - 1218 200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x002a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 25 240 Head_Flying_Hours 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 3579 241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0032 099 094 000 Old_age Always - 1772620 242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0032 097 094 000 Old_age Always - 5383346 254 Free_Fall_Sensor 0x0032 252 252 000 Old_age Always - 0 SMART Error Log Version: 1 ATA Error Count: 12 (device log contains only the most recent five errors) CR = Command Register [HEX] FR = Features Register [HEX] SC = Sector Count Register [HEX] SN = Sector Number Register [HEX] CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX] CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX] DH = Device/Head Register [HEX] DC = Device Command Register [HEX] ER = Error register [HEX] ST = Status register [HEX] Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes, SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days. Error 12 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 3731 hours (155 days + 11 hours) When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle. After command completion occurred, registers were: ER ST SC SN CL CH DH -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 40 51 00 00 00 00 40 Commands leading to the command that caused the error were: CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- -------------------- 18 9f 18 9f 18 f0 18 9f 10:54:18.685 RECALIBRATE [RET-4] 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00:00:00.029 NOP [Abort queued commands] 60 00 08 20 6c 70 40 08 00:00:00.029 READ FPDMA QUEUED 60 00 08 18 88 29 40 08 00:00:00.029 READ FPDMA QUEUED 60 00 08 30 0a 10 40 08 00:00:00.029 READ FPDMA QUEUED Error 11 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 3690 hours (153 days + 18 hours) When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle. After command completion occurred, registers were: ER ST SC SN CL CH DH -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 40 51 00 00 00 00 40 Commands leading to the command that caused the error were: CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- -------------------- 18 9f 18 9f 18 f0 18 9f 10:54:18.685 RECALIBRATE [RET-4] 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00:00:01.182 NOP [Abort queued commands] 61 00 08 60 dc 6b 40 08 00:00:01.182 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED 61 00 78 a8 cc 6b 40 08 00:00:01.182 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED 61 00 08 90 55 f2 40 08 00:00:01.182 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED Error 10 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 3690 hours (153 days + 18 hours) When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle. After command completion occurred, registers were: ER ST SC SN CL CH DH -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 40 51 00 00 00 00 40 Commands leading to the command that caused the error were: CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- -------------------- 18 9f 18 9f 18 f0 18 9f 10:54:18.685 RECALIBRATE [RET-4] 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00:00:01.134 NOP [Abort queued commands] 61 00 08 58 6e 94 40 08 00:00:01.134 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED 61 00 08 20 6e 94 40 08 00:00:01.134 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED 61 00 08 18 6b 94 40 08 00:00:01.134 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED Error 9 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 3448 hours (143 days + 16 hours) When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle. After command completion occurred, registers were: ER ST SC SN CL CH DH -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 40 51 00 00 00 00 40 Commands leading to the command that caused the error were: CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- -------------------- 18 9f 18 9f 18 f0 18 9f 10:54:18.685 RECALIBRATE [RET-4] 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00:00:03.447 NOP [Abort queued commands] 61 00 a8 b0 5b 4c 40 08 00:00:03.470 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED 61 00 d8 a0 6a 49 40 08 00:00:03.470 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED 61 00 f0 d0 aa 45 40 08 00:00:03.470 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED Error 8 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 3419 hours (142 days + 11 hours) When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle. After command completion occurred, registers were: ER ST SC SN CL CH DH -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 40 51 00 00 00 00 40 Commands leading to the command that caused the error were: CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- -------------------- 18 9f 18 9f 18 f0 18 9f 10:54:18.685 RECALIBRATE [RET-4] 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00:00:00.035 NOP [Abort queued commands] 60 00 08 30 0e 54 40 08 00:00:00.036 READ FPDMA QUEUED 60 00 08 50 0b 91 40 08 00:00:00.036 READ FPDMA QUEUED 60 00 08 70 13 51 40 08 00:00:00.036 READ FPDMA QUEUED SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1 Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error # 1 Extended offline Interrupted (host reset) 90% 3749 - # 2 Extended offline Aborted by host 40% 3749 - # 3 Short offline Completed without error 00% 3746 - # 4 Short offline Completed without error 00% 3745 - # 5 Short offline Interrupted (host reset) 60% 2661 - # 6 Short offline Aborted by host 90% 2661 - # 7 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 2526 - # 8 Short offline Interrupted (host reset) 80% 2506 - # 9 Short offline Interrupted (host reset) 80% 2491 - #10 Short offline Completed without error 00% 2491 - #11 Short offline Completed without error 00% 254 - #12 Short offline Completed without error 00% 2 - SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 0 Note: revision number not 1 implies that no selective self-test has ever been run SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS 1 0 0 Interrupted [90% left] (0-65535) 2 0 0 Not_testing 3 0 0 Not_testing 4 0 0 Not_testing 5 0 0 Not_testing Selective self-test flags (0x0): After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk. If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
好吧，你的硬盘似乎没有任何损坏的扇区，所以这很好。 它确实有一些CRC错误，通常很好。 你有可用的磁盘空间吗？ 试试df -h 。 这通常会导致错误。 在dmesg有什么有趣的吗？