无法在virtualenv（python）中安装lxml
我无法安装lxml。 在系统中我有python-lxml包，但我需要其他…请帮助，如果可以 – 我的任务是使用virtualenv安装lxml用于虚拟环境中的开发。 我发现这个解决方案修复成功安装lxml：
$ sudo apt-get install libxml2 libxml2-dev libxslt-dev build-essential python-dev $ sudo ldconfig 然后：
$ source bin/activate # for activate enviroment (env) $ pip install lxml
但我有很多问题。
第一个问题是安装构建 – 必不可少的依赖 – 为什么构建必不可少？
它解决了！ 谢谢！
接下来我有这个（输出）：
(env) $ pip install lxml ... i686-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -shared -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -Wformat -Werror=format-security build/temp.linux-i686-2.7/src/lxml/lxml.etree.o -lxslt -lexslt -lxml2 -lz -lm -o build/lib.linux-i686-2.7/lxml/etree.so /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lz collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status error: command 'i686-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1 ---------------------------------------- Cleaning up... Command /tmp/1/bin/python -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/1/build/lxml/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-DpYhbY-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /tmp/1/include/site/python2.7 failed with error code 1 in /tmp/1/build/lxml Storing debug log for failure in /home/constantia/.pip/pip.log
我阅读了这条说明http://lxml.de/installation.html并尝试：
STATIC_DEPS=true pip install lxml
我试试：
(env) $ STATIC_DEPS=true pip install lxml ... File "buildlibxml.py", line 268, in call_subprocess raise Exception('Command "%s" returned code %s' % (cmd_desc, returncode)) Exception: Command "make -j3" returned code 512 ---------------------------------------- Cleaning up... Command python setup.py egg_info failed with error code 1 in /tmp/1/build/lxml Traceback (most recent call last): File "/tmp/1/bin/pip", line 11, in sys.exit(main()) File "/tmp/1/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/__init__.py", line 185, in main return command.main(cmd_args) File "/tmp/1/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 161, in main text = '\n'.join(complete_log) UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xd0 in position 13: ordinal not in range(128)
我理解原因可能是LANG变量并试试这个：
$ unset LANG
我有（输出）：
(env) $ STATIC_DEPS=true pip install lxml ... File "buildlibxml.py", line 268, in call_subprocess raise Exception('Command "%s" returned code %s' % (cmd_desc, returncode)) Exception: Command "make -j3" returned code 512 ---------------------------------------- Cleaning up... Command python setup.py egg_info failed with error code 1 in /tmp/1/build/lxml Storing debug log for failure in /home/constantia/.pip/pip.log
所以，我尝试使用easy_install和STATIC_DEPS = true
我有（输出）：
(env) $ STATIC_DEPS=true pip install lxml ... make[2]: *** [progname.o] Error 1 make[2]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs.... make[2]: Leaving directory `/tmp/easy_install-bqh5aG/lxml-3.3.5/build/tmp/libiconv-1.14/srclib' make[1]: *** [all] Error 2 make[1]: Leaving directory `/tmp/easy_install-bqh5aG/lxml-3.3.5/build/tmp/libiconv-1.14/srclib' make: *** [all] Error 2 Traceback (most recent call last): File "/tmp/1/bin/easy_install", line 11, in sys.exit(main()) File "/tmp/1/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1909, in main with_ei_usage(lambda: File "/tmp/1/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1896, in with_ei_usage return f() File "/tmp/1/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1913, in distclass=DistributionWithoutHelpCommands, **kw File "/usr/lib/python2.7/distutils/core.py", line 151, in setup dist.run_commands() File "/usr/lib/python2.7/distutils/dist.py", line 953, in run_commands self.run_command(cmd) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/distutils/dist.py", line 972, in run_command cmd_obj.run() File "/tmp/1/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 358, in run self.easy_install(spec, not self.no_deps) File "/tmp/1/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 593, in easy_install return self.install_item(spec, dist.location, tmpdir, deps) File "/tmp/1/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 623, in install_item dists = self.install_eggs(spec, download, tmpdir) File "/tmp/1/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 809, in install_eggs return self.build_and_install(setup_script, setup_base) File "/tmp/1/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1015, in build_and_install self.run_setup(setup_script, setup_base, args) File "/tmp/1/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1000, in run_setup run_setup(setup_script, args) File "/tmp/1/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 50, in run_setup lambda: execfile( File "/tmp/1/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 100, in run return func() File "/tmp/1/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 52, in {'__file__':setup_script, '__name__':'__main__'} File "setup.py", line 229, in File "setup.py", line 140, in setup_extra_options File "/tmp/easy_install-bqh5aG/lxml-3.3.5/setupinfo.py", line 57, in ext_modules File "/tmp/easy_install-bqh5aG/lxml-3.3.5/buildlibxml.py", line 348, in build_libxml2xslt File "/tmp/easy_install-bqh5aG/lxml-3.3.5/buildlibxml.py", line 285, in cmmi File "/tmp/easy_install-bqh5aG/lxml-3.3.5/buildlibxml.py", line 268, in call_subprocess Exception: Command "make -j3" returned code 512
所以我很难过，不知道该怎么办。 我相信来自Stack Exchange社区的帮助。
对不起我的问题和英语（这不是我的母语）。
-lz表示名为libz.so的库文件。 该文件由zlib1g-dev软件包提供。 运行sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev来安装软件包，然后再次尝试原始命令（不带STATIC_DEPS ）。