在安装包之前获取有关包的详细信息？
当我在我的14.04 Ubuntu终端上键入“mc”时，我得到了一个
The program 'mc' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing: sudo apt-get install mc 如何在安装之前获取有关程序’mc’的详细信息？ 我想确认那是我想要的文件，而不是其他文件。
最快的方法是使用终端和apt-cache以及一点点信任 ;）
apt-cache show mc
Package: mc Priority: optional Section: universe/utils Installed-Size: 1434 Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers Original-Maintainer: Debian MC Packaging Group Architecture: amd64 Version: 3:4.8.13-3 Provides: mcedit Depends: e2fslibs (>= 1.37), libc6 (>= 2.15), libglib2.0-0 (>= 2.35.9), libgpm2 (>= 1.20.4), libslang2 (>= 2.2.4), libssh2-1 (>= 1.2.5), mc-data (= 3:4.8.13-3) Recommends: mime-support, perl, unzip Suggests: arj, bzip2, catdvi | texlive-binaries, dbview, djvulibre-bin, file, genisoimage, gv, imagemagick, links | w3m | lynx, odt2txt, poppler-utils, python, python-boto, python-tz, xpdf | pdf-viewer, zip Filename: pool/universe/m/mc/mc_4.8.13-3_amd64.deb Size: 464160 MD5sum: 8bb8f947d50bcba2f68d2b66a66963c1 SHA1: c61ad7e5581ee46619069c0435c54be5e1fc34c7 SHA256: 21557289003bd195ff5a0212a00365067c5d15f0f9767556512c09da96a012d5 Description-en: Midnight Commander - a powerful file manager GNU Midnight Commander is a text-mode full-screen file manager. It uses a two panel interface and a subshell for command execution. It includes an internal editor with syntax highlighting and an internal viewer with support for binary files. Also included is Virtual Filesystem (VFS), that allows files on remote systems (eg FTP, SSH servers) and files inside archives to be manipulated like real files. Description-md5: 252a5c5aeeb7425db45357d4ab8aa55f Homepage: http://www.midnight-commander.org Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug Origin: Ubuntu
另一种可能性是aptitude ，但通常你必须先安装它们：
sudo apt-get install aptitude
并用aptitude show aptitude显示包信息
Package: aptitude State: installed Automatically installed: no Multi-Arch: foreign Version: 0.6.11-1ubuntu3 Priority: optional Section: admin Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers Architecture: amd64 Uncompressed Size: 4.990 k Depends: aptitude-common (= 0.6.11-1ubuntu3), libapt-pkg4.12 (>= 0.9.16), libboost-iostreams1.55.0, libc6 (>= 2.14), libcwidget3, libgcc1 (>= 1:4.1.1), libncursesw5 (>= 5.6+20070908), libsigc++-2.0-0c2a (>= 2.2.0), libsqlite3-0 (>= 3.6.5), libstdc++6 (>= 4.9), libtinfo5, libxapian22 Recommends: aptitude-doc-en | aptitude-doc, sensible-utils, libparse-debianchangelog-perl Suggests: tasksel, debtags, apt-xapian-index Conflicts: aptitude Provides: aptitude Provided by: aptitude Description: terminal-based package manager aptitude is a package manager with a number of useful features, including: a mutt-like syntax for matching packages in a flexible manner, dselect-like persistence of user actions, the ability to retrieve and display the Debian changelog of most packages, and a command-line mode similar to that of apt-get. aptitude is also Y2K-compliant, non-fattening, naturally cleansing, and housebroken. Homepage: http://aptitude.alioth.debian.org/
使用GUI，您可以打开“Ubuntu软件中心”并搜索mc或Midnight Commander 。
它将为您提供包的完整描述。 如果您不知道确切的包名，它也很有用。
您也可以安装Synaptic并在那里进行类似的搜索。
软件也可以安装在软件中心或Synaptic中，无需使用命令行。
有很多方法可以做到这一点。 默认情况下最简单的是apt-cache search 。
apt-cache search
它会给你这样的东西：
$ apt-cache search cheese cheese - tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam gir1.2-cheese-3.0 - tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam - gir bindings libcheese-dev - tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam - base dev libcheese-doc - tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam - documentation libcheese-gtk-dev - tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam - widgets dev libcheese-gtk23 - tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam - widgets libcheese7 - tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam - base library cheese-common - Common files for the Cheese tool to take pictures and videos python-pyip - Python modules for raw ip packet assembling/disassembling
这有点等同于：
dpkg-query -Wf '${Package} ${binary:Summary}\n'
除了dpkg-query似乎只适用于您已经安装的东西。
apt list有全局搜索（而不是正则表达式），这对大多数用户来说更自然，但你不能改变输出格式（还）。 但是， 查看源代码后 ，您可以输出摘要：
$ apt list -o 'APT::Cmd::List-Include-Summary=1' *cheese* Listing... Done cheese/trusty 3.10.2-0ubuntu2 amd64 tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam cheese-common/trusty 3.10.2-0ubuntu2 all Common files for the Cheese tool to take pictures and videos gir1.2-cheese-3.0/trusty 3.10.2-0ubuntu2 amd64 tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam - gir bindings libcheese-dev/trusty 3.10.2-0ubuntu2 amd64 tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam - base dev libcheese-doc/trusty 3.10.2-0ubuntu2 all tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam - documentation libcheese-gtk-dev/trusty 3.10.2-0ubuntu2 amd64 tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam - widgets dev libcheese-gtk23/trusty 3.10.2-0ubuntu2 amd64 tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam - widgets libcheese7/trusty 3.10.2-0ubuntu2 amd64 tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam - base library
选项参数有点令人满意，但如果你愿意的话，你可以很容易地对它进行别名。
aptitude也可以帮助：
$ aptitude search cheese p cheese - tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam p cheese:i386 - tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam p cheese-common - Common files for the Cheese tool to take pictures and videos v cheese-common:i386 - p gir1.2-cheese-3.0 - tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam - gir bindings p gir1.2-cheese-3.0:i386 - tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam - gir bindings p libcheese-dev - tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam - base dev p libcheese-dev:i386 - tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam - base dev p libcheese-doc - tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam - documentation p libcheese-gtk-dev - tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam - widgets dev p libcheese-gtk-dev:i386 - tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam - widgets dev p libcheese-gtk23 - tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam - widgets p libcheese-gtk23:i386 - tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam - widgets p libcheese7 - tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam - base library p libcheese7:i386 - tool to take pictures and videos from your webcam - base library