无法在两个发行版之间读取文件

我有以下硬盘分区设置:

  1. 256 GB SSD

/ dev / sda1- FAT 32 – 安装在/ boot / efi

/ dev / sda2 – 安装在Filesystem Root

/ dev / sda3 – 安装在/ usr

  1. 1 TB硬盘

/ dev / sdb1 – Linux Swap

/ dev / sdb2 – 安装在/ var

/ dev / sdb3 – 安装在/ home

/ dev / sdb4 – EFI系统(未安装)

/ dev / sdb5 – 安装在第二个发行版的文件系统根目录(未安装)

两个发行版是Lubuntu和Elementary。 在上面的细分中,小学是未安装的。 有人能告诉我如何在这些发行版之间共享文件吗? 目前,我无法打开或执行任何来自Lubuntu的Elementary安装的应用程序。 我也无法打开几个文件夹,例如/ usr / local / bin

手动完成

使用这些命令安装2nd Distro

sudo mkdir /mnt/MyOtherDistro sudo mount -t auto -v /dev/sdb5 /mnt/MyOtherDistro 

现在,您将能够使用Nautilus或任何其他文件管理器导航到目录/mnt/MyOtherDistro以查看/复制/删除文件等。

您还可以更改为第二个发行版中的目录:

 cd /mnt/MyOtherDistro/home/Me/Documents 

完成后卸载分区并删除目录:

 sudo umount -l /mnt/MyOtherDistro sudo rm -d /mnt/MyOtherDistro 

使用bash脚本执行此操作

幸运的是,我今晚正在处理两个脚本,通过命令行滚动框来安装和卸载分区。

挂载分区

要挂载分区,请运行bash脚本sudo mount-menu.sh

mount-menu.sh

突出显示已卸载的分区,然后按Enter键 。 它将被挂载,并将显示有关分区的一些基本信息:

 ===================================================================== Mount Device: /dev/nvme0n1p8 Mount Name: /mnt/mount-menu.b9yZf File System: ext4 ID: Ubuntu RELEASE: 18.04 CODENAME: bionic DESCRIPTION: Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Size Used Avail Use% 24G 17G 5.2G 77% 

要创建脚本,请将以下内容复制到名为/usr/local/bin/mount-menu.sh的文件中:

 #!/bin/bash # NAME: mount-menu.sh # PATH: /usr/local/bin # DESC: Select unmounted partition for mounting # DATE: May 9, 2018. Modified May 11, 2018. # $TERM variable may be missing when called via desktop shortcut CurrentTERM=$(env | grep TERM) if [[ $CurrentTERM == "" ]] ; then notify-send --urgency=critical \ "$0 cannot be run from GUI without TERM environment variable." exit 1 fi # Must run as root if [[ $(id -u) -ne 0 ]] ; then echo "Usage: sudo $0" ; exit 1 ; fi # # Create unqique temporary file names # tmpMenu=$(mktemp /tmp/mount-menu.XXXXX) # Menu list tmpInfo=$(mktemp /tmp/mount-menu.XXXXX) # Mount Parition Info tmpWork=$(mktemp /tmp/mount-menu.XXXXX) # Work file MountName=$(mktemp -d /mnt/mount-menu.XXXXX) # Mount directory name # # Function Cleanup () Removes temporary files # CleanUp () { [[ -f $tmpMenu ]] && rm -f $tmpMenu # If temporary files created [[ -f $tmpInfo ]] && rm -f $tmpInfo # at various program stages [[ -f $tmpWork ]] && rm -f $tmpWork # remove them before exiting. } # # Mainline # lsblk -o NAME,FSTYPE,LABEL,SIZE,MOUNTPOINT > $tmpMenu i=0 SPACES=' ' DoHeading=true AllPartsArr=() # All partitions. # Build whiptail menu tags ($i) and text ($Line) into array while read -r Line; do if [[ $DoHeading == true ]] ; then DoHeading=false # First line is the heading. MenuText="$Line" # Heading for whiptail. FSTYPE_col="${Line%%FSTYPE*}" FSTYPE_col="${#FSTYPE_col}" # FS Type, ie `ext4`, `ntfs`, etc. MOUNTPOINT_col="${Line%%MOUNTPOINT*}" MOUNTPOINT_col="${#MOUNTPOINT_col}" # Required to ensure not mounted. continue fi Line="$Line$SPACES" # Pad extra white space. Line=${Line:0:74} # Truncate to 74 chars for menu. AllPartsArr+=($i "$Line") # Menu array entry = Tag# + Text. (( i++ )) done < $tmpMenu # Read next "lsblk" line. # # Display whiptail menu in while loop until no errors, or escape, # or valid partion selection . # DefaultItem=0 while true ; do # Call whiptail in loop to paint menu and get user selection Choice=$(whiptail \ --title "Use arrow, page, home & end keys. Tab toggle option" \ --backtitle "Mount Partition" \ --ok-button "Select unmounted partition" \ --cancel-button "Exit" \ --notags \ --default-item "$DefaultItem" \ --menu "$MenuText" 24 80 16 \ "${AllPartsArr[@]}" \ 2>&1 >/dev/tty) clear # Clear screen. if [[ $Choice == "" ]]; then # Escape or dialog "Exit". CleanUp exit 1; fi DefaultItem=$Choice # whiptail start option. ArrNdx=$(( $Choice * 2 + 1)) # Calculate array offset. Line="${AllPartsArr[$ArrNdx]}" # Array entry into $Line. # Validation - Don't wipe out Windows or Ubuntu 16.04: # - Partition must be ext4 and cannot be mounted. if [[ "${Line:MOUNTPOINT_col:4}" != " " ]] ; then echo "Partition is already mounted." read -p "Press  to continue" continue fi # Build "/dev/Xxxxx" FS name from "├─Xxxxx" menu line MountDev="${Line%% *}" MountDev=/dev/"${MountDev:2:999}" # Build File System Type MountType="${Line:FSTYPE_col:999}" MountType="${MountType%% *}" break # Validated: Break menu loop. done # Loop while errors. # # Mount partition # echo "" echo "=====================================================================" mount -t auto $MountDev $MountName # Display partition information. echo "Mount Device=$MountDev" > $tmpInfo echo "Mount Name=$MountName" >> $tmpInfo echo "File System=$MountType" >> $tmpInfo # Build Mount information (the partition selected for cloning to) LineCnt=$(ls $MountName | wc -l) if (( LineCnt > 2 )) ; then # More than /Lost+Found exist so it's not an empty partition. if [[ -f $MountName/etc/lsb-release ]] ; then cat $MountName/etc/lsb-release >> $tmpInfo else echo "No LSB-Release file on Partition." >> $tmpInfo fi else echo "Partition appears empty" >> $tmpInfo echo "/Lost+Found normal in empty partition" >> $tmpInfo echo "First two files/directories below:" >> $tmpInfo ls $MountName | head -n2 >> $tmpInfo fi sed -i 's/DISTRIB_//g' $tmpInfo # Remove DISTRIB_ prefix. sed -i 's/=/:=/g' $tmpInfo # Change "=" to ":=" sed -i 's/"//g' $tmpInfo # Remove " around "Ubuntu 16.04...". # Align columns from "Xxxx:=Yyyy" to "Xxxx: Yyyy" cat $tmpInfo | column -t -s '=' > $tmpWork cat $tmpWork > $tmpInfo # Mount device free bytes df -h --output=size,used,avail,pcent "$MountDev" >> $tmpInfo # Display partition information. cat $tmpInfo CleanUp # Remove temporary files exit 0 

卸载分区

要通过mount-menu.sh卸载分区设置, mount-menu.sh运行命令sudo umount-menu.sh 。 除了分区已经安装并且您选择它以卸载它之外,会出现上面显示的相同屏幕。 首先,您需要创建脚本/usr/local/bin/umount-menu.sh并复制到下面的行中:

 #!/bin/bash # NAME: umount-menu.sh # PATH: /usr/local/bin # DESC: Select mounted partition for unmounting # DATE: May 10, 2018. Modified May 11, 2018. # $TERM variable may be missing when called via desktop shortcut CurrentTERM=$(env | grep TERM) if [[ $CurrentTERM == "" ]] ; then notify-send --urgency=critical \ "$0 cannot be run from GUI without TERM environment variable." exit 1 fi # Must run as root if [[ $(id -u) -ne 0 ]] ; then echo "Usage: sudo $0" ; exit 1 ; fi # # Create unqique temporary file names # tmpMenu=$(mktemp /tmp/mount-menu.XXXXX) # Menu list # # Function Cleanup () Removes temporary files # CleanUp () { [[ -f "$tmpMenu" ]] && rm -f "$tmpMenu" # at various program stages } # # Mainline # lsblk -o NAME,FSTYPE,LABEL,SIZE,MOUNTPOINT > "$tmpMenu" i=0 SPACES=' ' DoHeading=true AllPartsArr=() # All partitions. # Build whiptail menu tags ($i) and text ($Line) into array while read -r Line; do if [[ $DoHeading == true ]] ; then DoHeading=false # First line is the heading. MenuText="$Line" # Heading for whiptail. MOUNTPOINT_col="${Line%%MOUNTPOINT*}" MOUNTPOINT_col="${#MOUNTPOINT_col}" # Required to ensure mounted. continue fi Line="$Line$SPACES" # Pad extra white space. Line=${Line:0:74} # Truncate to 74 chars for menu. AllPartsArr+=($i "$Line") # Menu array entry = Tag# + Text. (( i++ )) done < "$tmpMenu" # Read next "lsblk" line. # # Display whiptail menu in while loop until no errors, or escape, # or valid partion selection . # DefaultItem=0 while true ; do # Call whiptail in loop to paint menu and get user selection Choice=$(whiptail \ --title "Use arrow, page, home & end keys. Tab toggle option" \ --backtitle "Mount Partition" \ --ok-button "Select unmounted partition" \ --cancel-button "Exit" \ --notags \ --default-item "$DefaultItem" \ --menu "$MenuText" 24 80 16 \ "${AllPartsArr[@]}" \ 2>&1 >/dev/tty) clear # Clear screen. if [[ $Choice == "" ]]; then # Escape or dialog "Exit". CleanUp exit 1; fi DefaultItem=$Choice # whiptail start option. ArrNdx=$(( $Choice * 2 + 1)) # Calculate array offset. Line="${AllPartsArr[$ArrNdx]}" # Array entry into $Line. if [[ "${Line:MOUNTPOINT_col:15}" != "/mnt/mount-menu" ]] ; then echo "Only Partitions mounted by mount-menu.sh can be unounted." read -p "Press  to continue" continue fi # Build "/dev/Xxxxx" FS name from "├─Xxxxx" menu line MountDev="${Line%% *}" MountDev=/dev/"${MountDev:2:999}" # Build Mount Name MountName="${Line:MOUNTPOINT_col:999}" MountName="${MountName%% *}" break # Validated: Break menu loop. done # Loop while errors. # # Unmount partition # echo "" echo "=====================================================================" umount "$MountName" -l # Unmount the clone rm -d "$MountName" # Remove clone directory echo $(tput bold) # Set to bold text echo $MountDev mounted on $MountName unmounted. echo $(tput sgr0) # Reset to normal text CleanUp # Remove temporary files exit 0 

让它们可执行

创建文件后,必须将两个脚本标记为可执行文件:

 sudo chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/mount-menu.sh sudo chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/umount-menu.sh